On June 12, it became known that Russia had begun development of a new parachute system, “Shelest,” which should replace the most common parachute system of Russian paratroopers, the D-10. The website of the Zvezda TV channel talks about parachute systems that are already in use by the Russian military or are one step away from being put into service. D-1. The most reliable Every Russian parachutist begins his first independent step into the sky with a D-1 landing parachute. Due to its heaviness - 17.5 kilograms - the nickname “Oak” was assigned to the parachute. In Soviet times, it was the most popular parachute used for training jumps by novice parachutists. Actually, it remains so to this day. The distinctive features of this parachute are simplicity and reliability. The minimum jump height from a D-1 (subject to immediate deployment) from an aircraft at a speed of 180 kilometers per hour is only 150 meters. The rate of descent on average does not exceed five meters per second, and the rate of horizontal displacement is about two and a half meters per second. It is believed that parachutes with a round canopy are practically uncontrollable. However, the modern modification of the “Dub” D-1-5U has special slots on the canopy, thanks to which the parachutist can maneuver horizontally during descent. D-10. Main dome“Tenth” is the main parachute system of the Airborne Forces. The D-10 is designed for both training and combat jumps. Its design allows you to parachute with a full set of weapons and equipment from all types of military transport aircraft: Il-76, An-22 and An-26, even from the An-2 “maize”, as well as from Mi-8 and Mi-26 helicopters .

The only limitation is the weight of the paratrooper, which should not exceed 150 kilograms. The maximum height from which you can jump from the D-10 is four kilometers, and the minimum is 200 meters. Depending on the altitude at which the parachutists are released, the D-10 can be put into operation immediately after separation from the aircraft or with a delay.

During a mass landing of the Airborne Forces, you can observe how soldiers, having jumped out of the interior of an Il-76 transport aircraft, fly for several moments almost in free fall, instead of a large dome, a small stabilizing parachute flutters behind them. After three seconds, the paratrooper pulls the ring and opens the backpack with the main dome. If the parachutist did not do this, a special device - a safety parachute device - will “pull the ring” for him.

"Crossbow-2". First wing The first controlled dome-wings appeared in the parachute units of the Russian army as part of the Arbalet-2 special-purpose parachute controlled system. The main feature of the "Crossbow-2" is that it allows you to bring the canopy to a given limited landing area, ensure a safe landing and begin performing tasks. This system ensures the safe execution of jumps with a flight weight of a parachutist with special equipment up to 150 kg in the air temperature range at ground from -35 to +35 degrees Celsius, at an aircraft flight speed at the time of landing of up to 350 kilometers per hour. It is noteworthy that the main and reserve parachute systems with gliding identical nine-section domes are placed in one back pack and have a common suspension system.

The design of the suspension system allows it to place additional equipment weighing up to 50 kilograms in a separate cargo container with an autonomous parachute system UGKPS-50.

"Stayer". Universal delivery Another Russian special-purpose parachute system used for military purposes is the Stayer. Just like the Arbalet-2, it consists of two (main and spare) nine-section domes with a common suspension system. The Stayer is designed for landing special units from altitudes of 400-8000 meters. When the aircraft speeds up to 255 kilometers per hour, the canopy can be opened immediately after separation, but if the landing occurs at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour, then the canopy is put into operation with a delay of five seconds or more. The Stayer’s suspension system has the ability to attach cargo container in front, as well as the ability to mount weapons and other parachutist equipment on it. It also makes it possible to perform a tandem jump. This allows, if necessary, to deliver to the site of a special operation a specific specialist who does not have jumping experience - an aircraft controller, an artillery fire spotter or a doctor. Today, the Stayer parachute systems are used in special units of Russian security forces. In particular, they are used in parachute training of the special forces of the Russian National Guard “Vityaz”.

"Storm" . Seconds until landing Along with Shelest, another promising system has been created in Russia - the unique backpackless parachute “Sturm” for airborne special forces. With it, fighters will be able to parachute from a height of 70-80 meters. Its peculiarity follows from the description - “Sturm” does not have a backpack, the canopy is fixed in a special bag in the aircraft cabin and is attached to the paratrooper with a lightweight suspension system. The main purpose of “Sturm” is to reduce the time for landing soldiers. One of the options for its use could be landing troops on well-fortified enemy positions after firing at them. For example, when dropped from a Mi-8AMTSh attack transport helicopter, this vehicle can strike enemy positions, and by the time the enemy comes to his senses, paratroopers will already be in his positions.

Meanwhile, despite all its development, the Sturm parachute system has not yet been adopted by the Airborne Forces. The development of tactics for its use in combat conditions continues.

16.01.2018

JSC Polet Ivanovo Parachute Plant plans to begin mass production of the Stayer special-purpose parachute system by the end of this year, TASS reports citing the company’s press service.

The Stayer special-purpose parachute system consists of a main “wing” parachute with an area of ​​28 m2, a reserve “wing” parachute with an area of ​​24.8 or 27 m2, a backpack with a suspension system, as well as a set of special equipment. The system allows you to land from altitudes from 400 to 8000 meters at a flight speed of up to 255 km/h with immediate deployment and up to 350 km/h with a deployment delay of 3 seconds. The carrying capacity of the new parachute system is up to 180 kg, which is a record value for human-use systems.

The parachute system will be supplied to the Ministry of Defense and other law enforcement agencies

According to information from the website of JSC Polet, the set of special equipment includes an oxygen supply system. It consists of an individual device “Oxy Height” and a booster compressor “Vector Oxy-M”, which allows you to charge the on-board station from a common source. Such a well-thought-out system makes it possible to make jumps from altitudes from 4000 to 8000 meters, even from aircraft not suitable for this. The Oxy Altitude personal oxygen device was specially placed on the backpack so that it would not interfere with the skydiver. The systems used in the Armed Forces have oxygen in front, which creates inconvenience and also complicates the use of navigation devices for paratroopers. The helmet, also included in the equipment, is unique; it was developed specifically for the “Stayer”. It was cheaper and easier to adapt existing helmets used by other parachute systems. But since a helmet for ultra-high jumps and performing special tasks must have, in addition to the usual properties, also high protective characteristics, an original one was developed. The weight of the helmet, while being highly reliable, was made as light as possible – less than a kilogram. The equipment includes night vision goggles, which are made waterproof, and a cargo container weighing up to 50 kg. The container can contain weapons and other equipment necessary for the paratrooper. The total load capacity of the parachute is designed so that even skydivers weighing more than 100 kg can safely jump.

Work on creating a new parachute system from design to finished product started in 2014 and was carried out at the plant’s own expense. "Stayer" successfully passed factory and flight design tests, which showed excellent reserves for safe operation. Test paratroopers of the Flight Research Institute named after M.M. Gromov highly appreciate the new system.

Jumps, mass landings and the release of reconnaissance and sabotage groups are only part of the exercises of the Russian airborne forces and special forces. But without the use of parachute systems, these tasks are not only impossible, but literally impossible. “360” figured out these systems and learned about the five main types that are already in use or will soon be put into service.

Every Russian parachutist takes his first independent step into the sky with the help of a D-1 landing parachute. The nickname “Oak” was attached to him, and the reason for this was his weight - 17.5 kilograms. The minimum jump height using this parachute from an airplane moving at a speed of 180 kilometers per hour is estimated at 150 meters.

Photo source: wikipedia.org

In general, it is generally accepted that parachutes that have a round canopy are practically uncontrollable. Specifically to solve this problem, a modern modification of the D-1 was developed, which was called D-1-5U. It has special slots on the canopy, thanks to which the parachutist can maneuver horizontally during the descent.

The main parachute system of the Airborne Forces is the D-10. Moreover, it can be used both for training jumps and for combat ones. Thanks to the design of the parachute, it is possible to land military personnel with a full set of weapons and equipment.

However, this model has a limitation - the weight of the paratrooper himself, which should not be more than 150 kilograms. And you can make a jump using the D-10 from a height of four kilometers, and this is the maximum height. Depending on it, the paratrooper decides whether to deploy the parachute immediately after the jump, or with a delay.

Photo source: wikipedia.org

When performing a mass airdrop, soldiers can fly for several moments in free fall, but after three seconds the servicemen pull the ring, thereby opening the backpack with the main dome. Well, if the fighter does not do this himself, then a special belay device will open the parachute for him.

"Crossbow-2"

The special-purpose parachute system "Arbalet-2" is the first controlled dome-wings. Thanks to this development, the canopy can be brought to a specified limited landing area, which will allow paratroopers to land as safely as possible and begin performing their assigned tasks.

Photo source: wikipedia.org

"Crossbow-2" allows you to carry out safe jumps with a paratrooper's weight, coupled with weapons, up to 150 kilograms. Moreover, the special design of the harness system can accommodate additional equipment weighing up to 50 kilograms.

"Stayer"

"Stayer" is a Russian special-purpose parachute system that is used for military purposes. Using this system, you can land from a height of up to eight thousand meters.

Photo source: ivparachute.ru

Thanks to the Stayer suspension system, military personnel have the opportunity to attach a cargo container or other equipment to the front. In addition, thanks to the Stayer, you can make tandem jumps.

"Storm"

Another promising system created in Russia is the unique backpackless parachute “Sturm”, developed for airborne special forces. Landing using “Sturm” can be carried out from a height of up to 80 meters.

Photo source: RIA Novosti

This system is designed to land fighters in the shortest possible time. However, at present, “Sturm” has not yet been adopted by the Airborne Forces, since further development of tactics for its use in combat conditions is underway.

people shared the article

The military portal Zvezda reports with reference to the TASS agency that the new generation parachute will be put into mass production at the Polet plant in Ivanovo in 2018. The initial information came from the press service of this enterprise. The parachute will allow you to land from altitudes from 400 to 8 thousand m at a flight speed of up to 350 km/h. The carrying capacity of the new system is up to 180 kg, which is a record value for parachutes designed for airdropping people. The system also includes a breathing apparatus, waterproof night vision goggles and an equipment container that can hold up to 50 kg of ammunition and weapons.

More detailed information is provided by the website desantura.ru. Regarding the creation of a new system, the editors of the publication clarify that the special-purpose Stayer parachute system consists of a main parachute “wing” with an area of ​​28 m2, a reserve parachute “wing” with an area of ​​24.8 or 27 m2, a backpack with a suspension system, as well as a set of special equipment. The system allows you to land from altitudes from 400 to 8000 meters at a flight speed of up to 255 km/h with immediate deployment and up to 350 km/h with a deployment delay of 3 seconds. The carrying capacity of the new parachute system is up to 180 kg, which is a record value for human-use systems.

The parachute system will be supplied to the Ministry of Defense and other security forces.

Desantura.ru also writes that, according to information from the website of JSC Polet, the special equipment includes an oxygen supply system. It consists of an individual device “Oxy Height” and a booster compressor “Vector Oxy-M”, which allows you to charge the on-board station from a common source. Such a well-thought-out system makes it possible to make jumps from altitudes from 4000 to 8000 meters, even from aircraft not suitable for this. The Oxy Altitude personal oxygen device was specially placed on the backpack so that it would not interfere with the skydiver. The systems used in the Armed Forces have oxygen in front, which creates inconvenience and also complicates the use of navigation devices for paratroopers. The helmet, also included in the equipment, is unique; it was developed specifically for the “Stayer”. It was cheaper and easier to adapt existing helmets used by other parachute systems. But since a helmet for ultra-high jumps and performing special tasks must have, in addition to the usual properties, also high protective characteristics, an original one was developed. The weight of the helmet, while being highly reliable, was made as light as possible - less than a kilogram. The equipment includes night vision goggles, which are made waterproof, and a cargo container weighing up to 50 kg. The container can contain weapons and other equipment necessary for the paratrooper. The total load capacity of the parachute is designed so that even skydivers weighing more than 100 kg can safely jump.

Work on creating a new parachute system from design to finished product started in 2014 and was carried out at the plant’s own expense. "Stayer" successfully passed factory and flight design tests, which showed excellent reserves for safe operation. Test paratroopers of the Flight Research Institute named after M.M. Gromov highly appreciate the new system.

Deltaclub MAI

Paragliding school “August”

Operating instructions for the paraglider "Stayer"

Purpose

The "Stayer" paraglider is a sports training paraglider; it perfectly combines high aerodynamic characteristics and good handling. Recommended for flights both for weekend pilots and high-level athletes.

Operation

Our paraglider requires the gradual acquisition of skills in setting up the canopy before launch and piloting. It is necessary to take into account that the “Stayer” has a high flight speed, which is reflected in the dynamics of turns.

When taking off, limit the movement of your arms so that your arms follow the wing as it rises and apply a slight force to the front riser straps. The palms rest against the bridge between the first and third rows, without gripping the sling for folding the ears. “Stayer” can easily rise from the rear even in calm conditions.

The design of the risers is designed so that it is convenient to fold the ears during flight. The sling for this is attached separately on a small carabiner. The tie release lanyard is attached to the second row, highlighted in a different color and thinner than the others. It must be taken into account that with this design of the ends the force when tightening the trimers is quite significant.

The most efficient turns are achieved by moving the pilot's weight in the harness toward the turn while simultaneously pulling on the control line. To perform flat turns and spirals, it is necessary to transfer the pilot's weight as much as possible to the side of the turn and keep the load on both brakes with a slight tilt relative to the body in the same direction.

The recommended position of the trimmers for launch and flight is tightened about 3 centimeters (1/3 of the stroke). The released position is used for transitions between streams, active piloting and during towing behind a winch. The optimal mode for processing rising thermal and dynamic flows is 2/3 of the trimmer stroke. Fully tightened trimmers are used in calm weather when evaporating in a weak dynamic flow. It must be taken into account that when tightening the trimmers, the free play of the brakes increases.

Paradoxically, the Stayer did not notice a strong decrease in aerodynamic quality with an increase in flight speed due to the use of an accelerator. In this mode the paraglider behaves very reliably, but we would still recommend being careful in modes of more than half the accelerator stroke.

“Stayer” is well suited for teaching the technique of folding a canopy, as it independently comes out of even deep folds and allows you to turn in the direction opposite to the 50% fold.

Care and storage

The “Stayer” lines are pre-stretched, so there should be no change in flight characteristics during the operation of the paraglider, but if these changes occur, it is necessary to check the differences in the lines of the lower tier (the difference in lengths according to the table of lines), the permissible deviation is 5 mm. It is advisable to replace the lines after 100 flight hours.

We strongly recommend that you treat with great care all defects, damage and tears in the canopy lines, and repair the damage as quickly as possible. During each pre-flight inspection, ensure that the couplings of all carabiners are screwed tightly, paying particular attention to the carabiners connecting the risers to the harness.

After flights, the paraglider must be cleaned of branches and dust and thoroughly dried if the canopy gets wet in a place protected from sunlight. Reinforcements to the ribs of the “Stayer” allow you to put the paraglider in a backpack without worrying about them getting wrinkled.

Repack the reserve parachute once every 3 months. If the parachute gets wet, it must be thoroughly dried in a loose form in a place protected from the sun and re-stowed.

Restrictions

We do not recommend flying in winds exceeding 8 m/s, air temperatures less than -15 degrees, rain, hail and other dangerous weather conditions.

Director of the paragliding school “August”

Mikhail Petrovsky