Among the professions there are many such, the name of which is not well known, but their significance is great. So, not everyone knows who grows vegetables. The professions of these people are diverse, their work is not easy, it requires experience, special knowledge and constant work, because even in winter these workers cannot fully relax - the harvested seeds need care. And in the spring, the preparation of seedlings for planting begins. We offer you to learn more about difficult professions.

Varieties of vegetable growing

Vegetable growers are engaged in growing cultivated plants, but their duties are diverse. There are several varieties of vegetable growing. It happens:

• Open ground (growing vegetables in the fields).
• Protected ground (work in greenhouses and greenhouses).
• Melon growing (work on melons, growing watermelons).

There are also very similar positions, for example, a field grower is engaged in work in the fields, flax grows thanks to the efforts of a flax grower, rice - a rice grower, a cotton grower takes care of cotton, and grain growers take care of grain fields. Each of these specialties is very important.

Crop specialties

The professions of people who grow vegetables are quite diverse. We list the main ones:

• Agronomist. This specialist is engaged in the development and implementation of measures to improve yields, controls the quality of planting material, and organizes the work of sowing crops.
• Breeder. Without this specialist, people would not recognize new varieties that are resistant to diseases and high yields. Breeding is the most important part of vegetable growing, because it allows you to get more perfect hybrids.
• Vegetable grower. This person is busy with difficult physical labor - caring for potatoes and root crops. However, do not think that the work is done entirely by hand, the old fashioned way. No, now agricultural machines are coming to the rescue.
• Machine operator. A specialist whose duty is to work on agricultural equipment.

These are the main specialties. Let's answer the question: "Who grows vegetables?". There are several professions, but the vegetable grower has the most direct involvement in working with crops.

Requirements

To become a vegetable grower, you must have knowledge of:

• Biology.
• Chemistry.
• Typologies of cultivated plants;
• Soil types and their properties.

In addition, the vegetable grower must be distinguished by good physical fitness, love nature, be able to observe plants, be careful and patient.

Responsibilities

Let's continue our consideration of unusual professions. We found out who grows vegetables, this is a vegetable grower, his duties include a whole range of different actions:

• Preparing the soil for sowing seeds, this includes plowing, loosening, harrowing.
• Preparatory work with seed.
• The planting itself.
• Care for them during growth: timely watering, weeding, hilling, thinning, removal and destruction of diseased or pest-affected plants.
• Harvesting and organization of its storage and transportation.

The vegetable grower performs a whole range of actions that help grow vegetable crops from seeds to finished fruits. Without these specialists, it would be impossible to have fresh vegetables on the tables all year round.

Main types of work

We learned what professions people grow vegetables. First of all, these are vegetable growers. The table shows the main types of work that these specialists are engaged in.

In addition, vegetable growers draw up schedules for sowing and planting vegetables.

Fruit grower: a brief introduction

There are many more Who grows vegetables besides vegetable growers? These are fruit and vegetable growers, an even narrower specialty in the agricultural sector, they are engaged not only in vegetables, but also in berries and fruit crops. Their responsibilities include:

• Soil preparation for planting.
• Growing seedlings.
• Crop care.
• Pest control, disease prevention and control.
• Harvesting and transportation of crops.
• Organization of fruit storage.

Similar in duties is the profession of an agronomist in plant protection.

Contraindications

Not everyone can become vegetable growers or fruit and vegetable growers, even if they have the necessary knowledge and qualifications. Persons with the following medical contraindications are not allowed to these works:

• Skin diseases.
• Allergic reactions.
• Problems with the spine and musculoskeletal system.
• Pathology of the heart and blood vessels.
• Muscle problems.

That is why, having decided to connect your life with the work of growing crops, it is necessary to undergo a medical examination before entering college.

Melon growing and other positions

Consider the professions of people who grow vegetables, flax, watermelons. The latter are called melon growers, since the place of their labor activity is melon, and watermelons, beloved by many, grow on it. Also, these specialists are engaged in the cultivation of other melons and gourds:

• Pumpkins.
• Melons.

These plants are universal, but growing them is fraught with a number of difficulties:

• They do not tolerate frost, so they can only grow in mild climates with long warm summers.
• For gourds, especially watermelons, well-lit elevated areas are required; plants in the lowlands will not give a rich harvest.
• When working with such crops, it is very important to get friendly seedlings, so it is necessary to pay special attention to the quality of seed preparation, warm up and germinate them.

Flax growers are engaged in the preparation of seed, sowing flax and harvesting flax products. They are required to understand not only the technology of flax growing, but also the maintenance of specialized equipment: flax threshing machines, dryers, sorting machines.

Specificity of flax growing in Russia

Flax is one of the most ancient cultures, its use by man dates back more than one millennium. Let's name the professions of people who grow vegetables and flax. These are vegetable growers and flax growers, they are of particular importance in agricultural activities.

Flax is actively used in the light and textile industries, clothes and products from it are readily purchased by foreigners.

We learned about who grows vegetables. What profession is respected? There are many of them: vegetable growers and melon growers, agronomists and breeders, fruit and vegetable growers and flax growers, their hard work helps to get a harvest of fresh fruits rich in vitamins and distinguished by excellent taste.

When I decided to get chickens, I focused on egg breeds so that I don’t kill chickens, don’t spend money on fun fights, but still have fresh eggs. E. Osipova

Of the egg breeds, traditionally the best are - leggorny and hybrids of this breed, originally bred in Italy (in Livorno), and now the most common almost all over the world. These chickens are small, up to 2 kg, and you can get 220-250 eggs from them per year. Not a record, of course, but a lot.

I was afraid to take chickens - there is no experience, young birds are fragile, tender, leaving them is a whole art. True, they cost only 50 rubles each, but still it’s somehow not for me to put living souls at risk. Stopped at 6-month-old laying hens. The price of each is -200 rubles, by the way, some exotic bantam beauties would cost one and a half thousand per head! Leghorns start laying eggs as early as 4 months old.

Number of layers, which was going to purchase, calculated in advance. It depends on the area occupied by the house under the roof and the paddock under the open sky. Of course, it would be possible not to let the chickens out at all, it would be easier and more economical to keep them. However, leghorns are temperamental and mobile, not like almost 5-kilogram meat cochinchins are real phlegmatic. In addition, eggs from chickens that have a range are much more useful than from birds that are constantly indoors.

I came from the size of the chicken coop, built last fall by my prudent husband. The area of ​​our wooden shed, similar to a utility block, is 2 × 1.5 m. 6 hens will fit here - at the rate of 0.5 m2 per bird.

The principles of choice are as follows. Birds should be active, with bright red crests and wattles and yellow legs (pale is a sign of old age). Feathers - clean, shiny, close to the body, not thin, but not greasy, otherwise the chicken will not lay well.
A neighbor in the dacha, who has been keeping them for a long time and has achieved considerable success, helped to choose chickens from a poultry farmer. By the way, we used his advice.

Saved on the purchase of a rooster. Fertilized eggs are live, which means that this food is not for a vegetarian.

Commandments of the chicken breeder

Don't overfeed!

Do not enter the chickens from 9.00 to 15.00.

Always praise them

In addition to the usual door to the chicken hostel, the husband also built a small one (30 × 40 cm) - only for layers. Of course, there is a feeder in the aviary.
Under the drinker We have a deep bowl. We are going to treat the birds not only with compound feed, but also with useful and tasty additives: grass, the remains of the broth with bread, millet, grain, fish, dairy products and boiled potatoes.

There is also a separate wooden trough for mineral dressing - shell rock, shells or special fodder chalk. In a word, everything is according to the advice of experts.
We hope to receive 4-5 organic eggs per day, 55-60 g each.
Indeed, in the summer, chickens rush much better. In general, a neighbor somehow received 255 pieces per year from one laying hen!

In addition, I will have my own valuable fertilizer - chicken manure. Truly wasteless creatures!

Reference

Wild ancestors of chickens gave only 10-30 eggs per year, modern ones - more than 300.
The record was set in 1930: the feathered champion carried 361 pieces in 364 days.
Japanese doctors from the University of Kyoto have found that chicken egg protein is a drug that blocks the growth of human cancer cells.

Noticed that chickens love blue food (you can buy this).
The feeder should be red, not yellow. Green and orange colors soothe them, and blue is perceived by birds as pitch darkness.
Diet eggs are those that are no more than 7 days old.

Expert opinion

Vladimir Malik, one of the authors of the collection "1000 tips for amateur breeders"
If the summer resident wants to achieve the maximum number of eggs from chickens, you need to choose the most productive laying hens and feed them with high-quality food. These birds eat a little more. For the formation of 12 pieces, 1.6-1.7 kg of a full-fledged balanced feed is spent.
Today, the French breed of chickens is very popular in the world. isobraun, from which you can get 300-320 eggs per year.

Egg hens are usually kept for a maximum of 2 seasons. Longer is unprofitable. They run less and less. Modern summer residents, leaving home, slaughter their birds in the fall, as they have nowhere to put them.

A little arithmetic

Balanced feed for layers, they are prepared according to a special program developed by scientists. The ingredients are mixed automatically and under the control of the operator.
Knowing the composition of the recipe, you can cook food yourself. For young laying hens (not chickens!) The diet includes: wheat, barley, wheat bran, fish meal, phosphate, fodder chalk, reverse, sunflower and soybean cake, table salt.

Whether it is necessary to mess around, making up a nutrient mixture, everyone decides for himself.
Complete food (PC-1) costs 490 rubles. per bag (40 kg). It can be bought in the market or ordered online in bulk. Then you will pay 11,750 rubles per ton. and the price for 40 kg will be 20 rubles. below.

For 6 layers one bag is enough for 38 days (one bird eats 180 g per day). A little more than 2 rubles will be spent on chicken feed, even at expensive prices. per day, and she will lay one full-fledged egg. The benefit is obvious. E. Osipova

Feeder for chickens

Agriculture is a separate branch of the economy, aimed primarily at providing people with food. The importance of this industry cannot be overestimated. There are many in-demand professions related to agriculture. And, of course, they all require certain knowledge and skills.

What are the professions of agriculture: a list

The most demanded specialties in this area are:

• agronomist;
• machine operator;
• machine milking operator;
• breeder;
• poultry house;
• veterinarian.

To the question of what professions are related to agriculture, there is another answer - a beekeeper and fur farmer. They are not as common as, for example, a machine milking operator or a livestock breeder, but they are also quite in demand.

Features of the agronomist profession

Technologies for agricultural work are constantly being improved and changed. The duties of an agronomist primarily include the proper organization of production processes, cultivation of crops, harvesting and transporting crops in these conditions. Also, people of this specialty are engaged in the preparation of various kinds of reporting and scientific documentation. Veterinarians usually have higher education. To date, the profession of an agronomist is on the list of the most demanded in Russia.

machine operator

This is one of the main specialties of such a sector of the economy as agriculture. The combine and tractor driver professions have always been one of the main ones in the countryside. A machine operator is a specialist who is able to manage all types of agricultural machinery. In addition, the duties of these workers include knowledge of the design features of the machines, as well as the implementation of their scheduled maintenance and repair.

The profession of a machine operator is considered one of the most difficult in the countryside. People of this profession often work in extremely unfavorable conditions - in heat, rain and cold. In addition, they usually have to work overtime during the planting and harvesting season. Fortunately, recently the design of tractors and combines has begun to be subject to increased requirements in terms of convenience specifically for machine operators. Cabins of new models are insulated, equipped with air conditioners and heaters. But all the same, the work of a machine operator will always remain difficult, and therefore honorable.

Machine milking operator

There are many answers to the question of which professions in agriculture are the most common. But the most famous is still the operator of machine milking. In Soviet times, many films were made about people of this specialty and a huge number of poems and songs were written. The profession of a milkmaid was then unusually honorable. Women of this specialty appeared on blue screens in the form of healthy, cheerful, ruddy girls in headscarves. However, of course, the profession of a machine milking operator is actually very difficult, and there is not so much romance in it.

Milkmaids have to get up before dawn - at five o'clock in the morning. Their duties include rubbing the udder of the cow, feeding it. But the main occupation of the representatives of this profession is, of course, milking animals. This operation is performed three times a day. Like a machine operator, the profession of a milkmaid is very important in agriculture.

breeder

It is also a very common profession in the countryside. Agricultural occupations may belong to animal husbandry or crop production. The main activity of zootechnics is, as the name suggests, the breeding and rearing of various kinds of farm animals. Workers in this specialty should provide them with the most comfortable conditions for keeping and breeding. In addition, the duties of the breeder include monitoring the health of the “wards” and maintaining the purity of the breed. Also, people of this specialty make sure that all the necessary components are present in the diet of cows, pigs, sheep, horses and goats: vitamins, minerals, proteins, etc.

Among other things, livestock breeders clean and disinfect cowsheds and pigsties, take part in preventive measures to prevent the spread of epidemics. They also monitor the procedure for grazing animals in the summer, as well as the process of preparing food for them for the winter.

poultry house

The duties of representatives of this profession are almost the same as those of a livestock breeder. The only difference is that the poultry house takes care of representatives of birds: chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys, etc. This is also one of the most common specialties in such a sector of the country's economy as agriculture. Professions related to bird care are very complex and responsible.

Veterinarian

Man began to grow and breed animals thousands of years ago. The profession of a veterinarian has existed for about the same amount of time. In ancient times, people of this specialty accompanied caravans and armies, monitoring the health of horses and camels, and in the Middle Ages, professional veterinary schools were opened. In our country, this specialty appeared on the initiative of Peter the Great. It was this emperor who once brought highly qualified veterinarians from Europe to Russia.

Today, as in the past, the main task of the agricultural worker in this profession is the treatment of animals. It is also responsible for the implementation of preventive measures. Veterinarians give birth to animals, vaccinate, sterilize or inseminate. Representatives of this profession also control the use of various kinds of chemicals in the cultivation of crops intended for feeding animals.

Currently, there is a veterinary station in almost every settlement. Even in the cities there are similar clinics. True, they treat not agricultural, but ordinary domestic animals - cats and dogs.

Beekeeper

There are different professions in agriculture. At modern enterprises of this industry, not only animals are bred and plants are grown. Beekeeping also belongs to this sphere of the national economy. The profession of a beekeeper is quite rare in our country. However, this does not mean that it is uninteresting or unclaimed. The profession is fascinating, but, like any other agricultural profession, it is quite difficult and very responsible.

The duties of the beekeeper include the formation of new colonies of bees, ensuring their wintering and collecting honey. Also, people of this profession fight diseases of insects entrusted to them, repair hives and equipment. Despite the relative rarity, the profession of a beekeeper will always exist, because many people love honey. In addition, the product is very useful.

Animal breeder

Breeding rabbits, nutrias, arctic foxes is also one of the specializations of such an industry as agriculture. Professions related to the care of such animals are also quite in demand. Fur breeders are responsible for keeping and breeding rabbits and nutria. Their duties include overseeing the conservation of livestock, the purity of the breed, procedures such as feeding, disease prevention and care.

Agroecologist

This profession appeared in agriculture not so long ago. However, today it is almost impossible to imagine crop and livestock production without it. First of all, the agroecologist controls the use of fertilizers and various chemicals in the fields when growing agricultural plants. The task of this specialist is mainly to develop recommendations for minimizing the harm from them. Also, agroecologists in agricultural enterprises deal with the restoration of depleted and eroded soils.

Where can I get an agricultural specialty

Today in our country there are many educational institutions of different levels, whose tasks include training workers in such an industry as agriculture. Professions of this orientation can be obtained in many cities of our country. Agronomists and veterinarians usually graduate from universities and technical schools. Machine operators are trained in technical schools and colleges. The same goes for milkmaids and poultry maids.

The most famous higher educational institutions where you can get the profession of agricultural workers in our country are agricultural universities:

• Orenburg.
• Kuban.
• St. Petersburg.
• Altaic.
• Voronezh, etc.

Also, highly qualified specialists are trained by the NSHA them. Timiryazev. Of course, the success of the development of such an industry as agriculture directly depends on the quality of training of young specialists. Professions (examples of them were given above) of this group require a person to have quick wits, dexterity, quick thinking, and often physical endurance. In any case, the process of training future veterinarians, agronomists, milkmaids and machine operators should be approached with all responsibility.

ALL THAT: EGG OR CHICKEN?

Eight o'clock in the morning. The howler warns about the beginning of the working day at the Molodezhnaya poultry farm. It has been installed here for a long time, since the last century, and, apparently, not in vain: the siren has a sobering effect, and I instantly tune in to labor exploits. As the saying goes, the trumpet calls to duty.
By the way, I prepared for them in advance and read a curious article on the Internet about what appeared first: an egg or a chicken. A couple of years ago, British scientists used a computer to simulate the process of the appearance of a chicken egg. As it turned out, the protein ovocledinin plays a key role in its formation. It is he who, being in the body of a bird, is involved in the creation of the shell. Therefore, in the beginning there was a chicken, the scientists concluded. On this interesting fact, my knowledge of poultry farming, unfortunately, ended.
Moreover, something else is much more important for the reader: how does the egg get on the dinner table? What are laying hens fed? And is salmonella as terrible as it is painted? For answers to these and other questions, I go to the village of Pervomayskoye to the Molodezhnaya poultry farm as an ordinary employee. So, I'm on the threshold of new discoveries!

NO ENTRANCE FOR UNAUTHORIZED PEOPLE

I am not just going to become an assistant to the senior livestock specialist Nikolai Mutylin, I am going to learn from a person who wanted to work in agriculture since the seventh grade. Imagine, for him, everyday work is not a routine, but a childhood dream come true. I think that a mentor who is in love with the profession is a real find for a beginner. Shoulder to shoulder with him, I have to learn the basics of poultry farming - the most high-tech area of ​​animal husbandry, according to Nikolai Petrovich.
I will say that getting into the territory of the factory is not so easy. It is impossible for a person from the street to take and come here. “No entry to outsiders” - warning signs are easy to notice on the most important objects - poultry houses and the fodder shop. At the checkpoint, packages and bags are inspected if necessary. This is eloquently "says" a sign on the wall. Of course, tough precautionary measures are not a whim of the management and not even a desire to keep a trade secret. Winged pets are highly susceptible to infections and stress, so their peace and health are above all else.

OMELETTE WITHOUT CONCERN

Strictly observing all the requirements for the appearance of employees, dressed in a white uniform - a bathrobe and a cap, having received several pairs of shoe covers, I set off for the first task. True, we pass by the incubator: even an "agrarian" journalist will not be allowed into it - all for the same security reasons. Like it or not, this is a maternity hospital - only for birds, and sterility is a priority.
The first on our route is an acclimatizer, a poultry house for rearing young animals aged from 1 to 105 days. A kind of kindergarten for chickens, where they reach adulthood and become laying hens. By the way, at the poultry farm the Dutch livestock of the Leghorn breed is bred - Cross Hisex white.
- At this stage, the cockerels are culled, leaving only the hens. By the way, do you know that chickens lay eggs without the participation of a rooster? - the livestock specialist asks me, to which I round my eyes in surprise. A fact known to many since childhood, for me - a villager - turned out to be real news!
- The rooster is needed only for the fertilization of the egg, - the chief mentor continues, - in order to have feathered offspring.
It turns out that chickens will never hatch from store eggs. Fu, now I will fry an omelet without remorse! Indeed, live a century - learn a century.

SILENCE AND PEACE

In the aviary, where we went next, it seems dark out of habit. But gradually the eyes adapt to lighting at 10 lux - dimly, as if a nightlight is on. The intensity of light is the most important condition for the development of a bird. Its deficiency will make the chickens underdeveloped, and an overabundance will provoke too rapid growth. Another paramount requirement is temperature and humidity, as well as a strictly defined amount of feed per day. At Molodezhnaya, all technological indicators are monitored by imported equipment. The monitors display the data necessary for the smooth operation of the poultry house. The task of locksmith operators is to see deviations from the specified parameters in time and prevent changes in the mode. Any error in poultry farming is fraught with serious consequences.
- You know, a chicken lays eggs like an automaton, - Nikolai Mutylin resorts to such a comparison in order to describe the process of the appearance of eggs into the world in an accessible way. - The thing is that the follicles inside the chicken resemble a bunch of grapes. The largest "berry" comes out first, then the next one, and so on. Any stress - and the follicle may not form. - At this phrase, I began to intensively photograph pretty chickens, peacefully pecking at the grain.
The bright flash that illuminated the room obviously did not please the Corydalis: cackling loudly, they nervously flapped their wings. Apologizing to the laying hens for the invasion of privacy, I hastened to retreat. But the loud uproar of discontent was transmitted through the poultry house for a long time. “They let the Fox into the chicken coop,” I thought, realizing that my last name in this situation can be interpreted in two ways.
In general, the conclusion suggests itself as follows: sudden movements, loud sounds and extraneous noise are not allowed in the house - birds shy away from all this and are stressed.

TECHNOLOGIES AND TRADITIONS

Poultry workers have perhaps the most peaceful job on earth. Marina Varaksina has been working at the factory for ten years and knows all the intricacies of the process. In the morning, before 11 o'clock, and in the afternoon, she, in professional terms, "drives" the egg. At this time, the primary sorting takes place - dirty and beaten are placed separately. “The work is monotonous and stressful,” says Marina, not distracted. The fingers of her hands quickly go through the eggs - ten by ten, a hundred by a hundred.
The way the products move along the conveyor is monitored by the mechanic-operator Valentin Martynov and the poultry keeper Elena Shavrina. With their eyes closed, they will show why there are so many levers and buttons on a huge shield. After the initial sorting, the eggs go on an hour and a half journey to the warehouse along the "anaconda" - this is how the workers dubbed the long, winding conveyor on the street, which looks like an ordinary pipe.
And those eggs that are stained with chicken droppings, and therefore turned out to be rejected, leave on a horse harnessed to a cart. As I see it, modern technologies peacefully coexist with proven old-fashioned methods. Although the horse is one of the exceptions. Molodezhnaya has been moving along the rails of progress for a long time. It is modern technologies and imported equipment that make the production process at all its stages fully automated.

PLEASURE FROM THE PROCESS

We are moving to the warehouse - the final point in the route of zootechnics Mutylin. I feel like I can barely move my feet. Tired. Was. "How much do you wind in a day?" - I'm interested, referring to the huge area on which the factory is spread. “Kilometers 10, probably, together with the distance to the house,” answers Petrovich, as his subordinates call him.
The warehouse is busy and noisy. The process of packing eggs in plastic or cardboard containers is also fully automated. Manual labor is reduced to zero. Locksmith operators, most of whom are the fair sex, monitor the operation of the equipment.
- Probably, this is the main thing in the work - to see the results of your own work in the form of finished products? I ask Mutylin.
- Great pleasure - when we carry out the plan. A fascinating process - you need to think over the diet so that the products get exactly as much as you need. For poultry farmers, every minute counts - in time to feed, remove litter, get vaccinated and much, much more, - the livestock specialist answers.
- And who monitors the quality of products and, most importantly, their safety. How do you fight the notorious salmonellosis?
- For this part, we have specialists from two laboratories - zootechnical and veterinary. Each batch of feed and products is checked, - says Nikolai Petrovich. - By the way, my wife, Galina Nikolaevna, is in charge of the veterinary laboratory, so we vouch for the quality of our products as a family, - he smiles.
- Do you breed laying hens at home?
- Not now. By the way, our workers can only keep the breed of chickens that is in the factory. Strict rule.

HALF A MILLION PER DAY

So the walk is over. The head is spinning from the flow of information. One, of course, can not cope. It is not for nothing that about 125 people are assigned to the poultry house. They, in turn, are divided into teams - for rearing young animals, parent stock, industrial laying hens, an incubator, a feed workshop. Each one has a specific task.
Now I understand that the main thing in the work of a poultry house is patience and meticulous scrupulousness, because birds react with lightning speed to a negligent attitude towards themselves. As a result, mortality and reduced productivity are possible.
The scale of the Molodezhnaya poultry farm is impressive. 500 thousand eggs are produced here per day. An enterprise from the category of "monsters": its structure includes both field cultivation and animal husbandry, as well as the production of its own dairy and meat products, and a chain of stores. The staff is about 800 people.
It is all the more terrible to realize the situation that has arisen at the enterprise in connection with a crop failure in this dry year. “What we managed to prepare has already been eaten,” director Yevgeny Davydov states the fact. - The high price of grain is one problem, another is its shortage. There's just nowhere to buy it." With the most unfavorable outcome, Molodezhnaya may stop. But then it will be possible to reach the current level of production not earlier than 2018.

The editorial office of the newspaper thanks for the help in organizing the project "Journalist Changes Profession"
Evgeny Davydov, director of JSC Poultry Farm Molodyozhnaya.

Olga FOX
Pervomaisky district

Don't have time to wait for the doctor? In this case, a specialized record was opened to a specialist via the Internet. Here.

In order to work successfully in poultry farms, poultry farms and to cope with complex means of mechanization for feeding, caring for poultry, it is necessary to acquire certain knowledge, the profession of a poultry farmer. But what are the responsibilities of a poultry farmer? Its activities include cooking with further distribution of feed, regulation of the supply of water in drinking bowls, cleaning of industrial premises, workplaces.

In order to work successfully in poultry farms, poultry farms and to cope with complex means of mechanization for feeding, caring for poultry, it is necessary to acquire certain knowledge, the profession of a poultry farmer.

But what are the responsibilities of a poultry farmer? Its activities include cooking with further distribution of feed, regulation of the supply of water in drinking bowls, cleaning of industrial premises, workplaces.

Also, his sphere of responsibility includes the obligation to carry out measures aimed at increasing the productivity of poultry, for which, in the process of growing, he sorts and culls it.

The poultry farmer takes part in preventive and therapeutic measures. In addition, the poultry farmer must monitor the habitat conditions of birds, for which, using control equipment, heating / ventilation devices, as necessary, set the required indicators of air exchange, temperature, and air humidity in the room, including in the incubator.

For successful work in poultry breeding, however, as in other animal husbandry professions, the poultry farmer must have special inclinations necessary in working with animals, for example, observation, the ability to understand invisible biological processes, and practical interest.

That is, the poultry farmer must be a real caring, attentive friend of animals, which will allow timely detection and prevention of changes in their behavior, which in the future can negatively affect their development.

The profession of a poultry farmer, first of all, is in demand on poultry farms, whose activities are aimed at creating an abundance of agricultural products.

But only full mastery of the profession will allow you to become a competent, qualified worker of a poultry farm, who knows perfectly the complex of work carried out - from fodder, keeping, feeding, breeding birds.

After all, today the main processes carried out at poultry farms are mechanized and automated as much as possible, so often one person takes care of many thousands of birds.

The first step is to clearly understand and understand the intricacies of caring for a bird from young to adult.

Why, having drawn up a working daily routine, and in the future strictly following it, properly prepare feed, select the optimal mode of keeping for each phase of bird growth. A person indifferent to nature cannot be a good poultry farmer. He must love his work, nature, animals and birds, his future wards, then the chosen profession of a poultry farmer will bring joy.

Today we will talk about who raises chickens. In private farms, this is usually done by the farmer, since there are few birds. In poultry farms, the situation is different. Several hundred hens live here and young growth is constantly appearing. You need to feed them all, monitor productivity and health. Therefore, many specialists are assigned to the birds, divided into teams. Some are engaged in growing young animals, others make feed and monitor the condition of the poultry house, and others treat chickens.

Poultry farmer

What it does: task list

There are no random people at the poultry farm, because the work is responsible and requires certain knowledge. The profession of a poultry farmer includes a wide range of tasks:

• production of feed taking into account technological standards;
• bird feeding;
• control over the state of drinkers;
• organization of regular cleaning of premises with chickens;
• control of climatic conditions in the chicken coop: humidity, temperature, natural air circulation.

Discharges

Only specialists with diplomas of agricultural technical schools are allowed to work. Depending on the work experience, each poultry farmer is assigned a category. Tasks among specialists are distributed in accordance with the category.

The functionality of specialists of the second and third categories includes grazing chickens, monitoring the state of household equipment, resettling sick birds and collecting the dead.

Quarters are engaged in increasing the productivity of the herd. Their tasks also include sorting chickens and monitoring the cleanliness of the cages.

Specialists of the fifth category are engaged in selection and breeding work, monitor the offspring and monitor compliance with the conditions for growing chickens.

Skills and knowledge

It is important for the poultry breeder to understand the nuances of keeping birds. He must know the basic aspects of bird care, sanitary and veterinary standards.

It is important to be able to choose the right means for disinfecting the chicken coop, to understand how to properly sort and pack eggs.

In addition to theoretical skills, the profession of a poultry farmer requires responsibility and diligence from a specialist. Oversight of chickens or inattentive attitude towards them can adversely affect productivity and cause the death of birds.

The poultry farmer should enjoy taking care of the hens and constant contact with them. After all, he interacts with birds almost all day.

poultry farm operator

Main tasks

Poultry farms employ operators whose task is to control the progress of incubation. Specialists monitor the condition of the eggs and the incubator, fix possible violations and eliminate malfunctions.

The main task is to prevent the death of embryos in the eggs and to get them out of the device in time. Operators evaluate the development of the embryo and compare it with established indicators.

The profession of a poultry farm operator requires complete knowledge of the incubator. The specialist must understand the principle of operation, be able to select the optimal mode and establish the cause of problems with the development of the embryo.

Other nuances

The operator must comply with sanitary standards and know the safety precautions during incubation.

It is important for the poultry farm operator to have excellent eyesight and be observant. Mindfulness is useful in establishing the reasons for the decline in successful egg incubation.

Representatives of this profession can work with adult chickens. In this case, they need to achieve maximum egg production with minimal maintenance costs.

feed engineer

The task of a zoo engineer is to organize comfortable conditions for keeping chickens, feed them properly and breed them.

The specialist needs to know the signs by which the selection of farm birds is carried out. Veterinarians and livestock specialists are also involved in this task.

The specialist supervises feed production operators, machine milking operators, livestock specialists.

The range of tasks is extensive, so an assistant, a graduate of a technical school, often works in tandem with a zooengineer. He helps to prepare feed and control the feeding of chickens, keeps zootechnical records.

livestock specialist

The livestock specialist must have the education of a biologist, since he constantly interacts with chickens, deals with issues of their life. Also, a representative of this profession needs to understand the economics of production and mechanization.

The livestock specialist is engaged in planning breeding work to increase the number of replacement young animals and the quality of the herd.

A specialist needs to understand chicken embryology. Understand what affects egg quality and embryo development. Know the device of incubators. Also, the livestock specialist is engaged in sorting hatched chickens.

Another task of this specialist is to organize the movement of chickens from one room to another. He maintains a technological map and plans the exact timing of the life of the chickens.

The map indicates when you need to lay eggs in the incubator and take them out, how long it takes to grow young animals, when the laying hen starts egg work. The date of slaughter of adult birds is also planned.

Veterinarian

This specialist is engaged not only in the treatment of chickens from various diseases. The range of its tasks is more extensive.

He conducts epidemic prevention at the poultry farm. It does not allow the negative impact of chicken diseases on people. Monitors the sanitary condition of manufactured products. Another task is to solve veterinary problems while protecting the environment.

The specialist must have a higher profile education, be attentive and take care of the wards. For successful work, the veterinarian needs to know the structure of the skeleton, the vital activity of healthy and sick chickens, and understand how medicines affect the body of birds.

A specialist needs to be able to prevent the development of diseases in time. Know when treatment becomes useless and chickens need to be slaughtered or disposed of. Also, the veterinarian studies the degree of influence of external factors on the health of the chicken.

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In the comments, please tell us if you had to take care of chickens, and what kind of work you did.

ALL THAT: EGG OR CHICKEN?

Eight o'clock in the morning. The howler warns about the beginning of the working day at the Molodezhnaya poultry farm. It has been installed here for a long time, since the last century, and, apparently, not in vain: the siren has a sobering effect, and I instantly tune in to labor exploits. As the saying goes, the trumpet calls to duty.
By the way, I prepared for them in advance and read a curious article on the Internet about what appeared first: an egg or a chicken. A couple of years ago, British scientists used a computer to simulate the process of the appearance of a chicken egg. As it turned out, the protein ovocledinin plays a key role in its formation. It is he who, being in the body of a bird, is involved in the creation of the shell. Therefore, in the beginning there was a chicken, the scientists concluded. On this interesting fact, my knowledge of poultry farming, unfortunately, ended.
Moreover, something else is much more important for the reader: how does the egg get on the dinner table? What are laying hens fed? And is salmonella as terrible as it is painted? For answers to these and other questions, I go to the village of Pervomayskoye to the Molodezhnaya poultry farm as an ordinary employee. So, I'm on the threshold of new discoveries!

NO ENTRANCE FOR UNAUTHORIZED PEOPLE

I am not just going to become an assistant to the senior livestock specialist Nikolai Mutylin, I am going to learn from a person who wanted to work in agriculture since the seventh grade. Imagine, for him, everyday work is not a routine, but a childhood dream come true. I think that a mentor who is in love with the profession is a real find for a beginner. Shoulder to shoulder with him, I have to learn the basics of poultry farming - the most high-tech area of ​​animal husbandry, according to Nikolai Petrovich.
I will say that getting into the territory of the factory is not so easy. It is impossible for a person from the street to take and come here. “No entry to outsiders” - warning signs are easy to notice on the most important objects - poultry houses and the fodder shop. At the checkpoint, packages and bags are inspected if necessary. This is eloquently "says" a sign on the wall. Of course, tough precautionary measures are not a whim of the management and not even a desire to keep a trade secret. Winged pets are highly susceptible to infections and stress, so their peace and health are above all else.

OMELETTE WITHOUT CONCERN

Strictly observing all the requirements for the appearance of employees, dressed in a white uniform - a bathrobe and a cap, having received several pairs of shoe covers, I set off for the first task. True, we pass by the incubator: even an "agrarian" journalist will not be allowed into it - all for the same security reasons. Like it or not, this is a maternity hospital - only for birds, and sterility is a priority.
The first on our route is an acclimatizer, a poultry house for rearing young animals aged from 1 to 105 days. A kind of kindergarten for chickens, where they reach adulthood and become laying hens. By the way, at the poultry farm the Dutch livestock of the Leghorn breed is bred - Cross Hisex white.
- At this stage, the cockerels are culled, leaving only the hens. By the way, do you know that chickens lay eggs without the participation of a rooster? - the livestock specialist asks me, to which I round my eyes in surprise. A fact known to many since childhood, for me - a villager - turned out to be real news!
- The rooster is needed only for the fertilization of the egg, - the chief mentor continues, - in order to have feathered offspring.
It turns out that chickens will never hatch from store eggs. Fu, now I will fry an omelet without remorse! Indeed, live a century - learn a century.

SILENCE AND PEACE

In the aviary, where we went next, it seems dark out of habit. But gradually the eyes adapt to lighting at 10 lux - dimly, as if a nightlight is on. The intensity of light is the most important condition for the development of a bird. Its deficiency will make the chickens underdeveloped, and an overabundance will provoke too rapid growth. Another paramount requirement is temperature and humidity, as well as a strictly defined amount of feed per day. At Molodezhnaya, all technological indicators are monitored by imported equipment. The monitors display the data necessary for the smooth operation of the poultry house. The task of locksmith operators is to see deviations from the specified parameters in time and prevent changes in the mode. Any error in poultry farming is fraught with serious consequences.
- You know, a chicken lays eggs like an automaton, - Nikolai Mutylin resorts to such a comparison in order to describe the process of the appearance of eggs into the world in an accessible way. - The thing is that the follicles inside the chicken resemble a bunch of grapes. The largest "berry" comes out first, then the next one, and so on. Any stress - and the follicle may not form. - At this phrase, I began to intensively photograph pretty chickens, peacefully pecking at the grain.
The bright flash that illuminated the room obviously did not please the Corydalis: cackling loudly, they nervously flapped their wings. Apologizing to the laying hens for the invasion of privacy, I hastened to retreat. But the loud uproar of discontent was transmitted through the poultry house for a long time. “They let the Fox into the chicken coop,” I thought, realizing that my last name in this situation can be interpreted in two ways.
In general, the conclusion suggests itself as follows: sudden movements, loud sounds and extraneous noise are not allowed in the house - birds shy away from all this and are stressed.

TECHNOLOGIES AND TRADITIONS

Poultry workers have perhaps the most peaceful job on earth. Marina Varaksina has been working at the factory for ten years and knows all the intricacies of the process. In the morning, before 11 o'clock, and in the afternoon, she, in professional terms, "drives" the egg. At this time, the primary sorting takes place - dirty and beaten are placed separately. “The work is monotonous and stressful,” says Marina, not distracted. The fingers of her hands quickly go through the eggs - ten by ten, a hundred by a hundred.
The way the products move along the conveyor is monitored by the mechanic-operator Valentin Martynov and the poultry keeper Elena Shavrina. With their eyes closed, they will show why there are so many levers and buttons on a huge shield. After the initial sorting, the eggs go on an hour and a half journey to the warehouse along the "anaconda" - this is how the workers dubbed the long, winding conveyor on the street, which looks like an ordinary pipe.
And those eggs that are stained with chicken droppings, and therefore turned out to be rejected, leave on a horse harnessed to a cart. As I see it, modern technologies peacefully coexist with proven old-fashioned methods. Although the horse is one of the exceptions. Molodezhnaya has been moving along the rails of progress for a long time. It is modern technologies and imported equipment that make the production process at all its stages fully automated.

PLEASURE FROM THE PROCESS

We are moving to the warehouse - the final point in the route of zootechnics Mutylin. I feel like I can barely move my feet. Tired. Was. "How much do you wind in a day?" - I'm interested, referring to the huge area on which the factory is spread. “Kilometers 10, probably, together with the distance to the house,” answers Petrovich, as his subordinates call him.
The warehouse is busy and noisy. The process of packing eggs in plastic or cardboard containers is also fully automated. Manual labor is reduced to zero. Locksmith operators, most of whom are the fair sex, monitor the operation of the equipment.
- Probably, this is the main thing in the work - to see the results of your own work in the form of finished products? I ask Mutylin.
- Great pleasure - when we carry out the plan. A fascinating process - you need to think over the diet so that the products get exactly as much as you need. For poultry farmers, every minute counts - in time to feed, remove litter, get vaccinated and much, much more, - the livestock specialist answers.
- And who monitors the quality of products and, most importantly, their safety. How do you fight the notorious salmonellosis?
- For this part, we have specialists from two laboratories - zootechnical and veterinary. Each batch of feed and products is checked, - says Nikolai Petrovich. - By the way, my wife, Galina Nikolaevna, is in charge of the veterinary laboratory, so we vouch for the quality of our products as a family, - he smiles.
- Do you breed laying hens at home?
- Not now. By the way, our workers can only keep the breed of chickens that is in the factory. Strict rule.

HALF A MILLION PER DAY

So the walk is over. The head is spinning from the flow of information. One, of course, can not cope. It is not for nothing that about 125 people are assigned to the poultry house. They, in turn, are divided into teams - for rearing young animals, parent stock, industrial laying hens, an incubator, a feed workshop. Each one has a specific task.
Now I understand that the main thing in the work of a poultry house is patience and meticulous scrupulousness, because birds react with lightning speed to a negligent attitude towards themselves. As a result, mortality and reduced productivity are possible.
The scale of the Molodezhnaya poultry farm is impressive. 500 thousand eggs are produced here per day. An enterprise from the category of "monsters": its structure includes both field cultivation and animal husbandry, as well as the production of its own dairy and meat products, and a chain of stores. The staff is about 800 people.
It is all the more terrible to realize the situation that has arisen at the enterprise in connection with a crop failure in this dry year. “What we managed to prepare has already been eaten,” director Yevgeny Davydov states the fact. - The high price of grain is one problem, another is its shortage. There's just nowhere to buy it." With the most unfavorable outcome, Molodezhnaya may stop. But then it will be possible to reach the current level of production not earlier than 2018.

The editorial office of the newspaper thanks for the help in organizing the project "Journalist Changes Profession"
Evgeny Davydov, director of JSC Poultry Farm Molodyozhnaya.

Olga FOX
Pervomaisky district

Agriculture is a separate branch of the economy, aimed primarily at providing people with food. The importance of this industry cannot be overestimated. There are many in-demand professions related to agriculture. And, of course, they all require certain knowledge and skills.

What are the professions of agriculture: a list

The most demanded specialties in this area are:

• agronomist;
• machine operator;
• machine milking operator;
• breeder;
• poultry house;
• veterinarian.

To the question of what professions are related to agriculture, there is another answer - a beekeeper and fur farmer. They are not as common as, for example, a machine milking operator or a livestock breeder, but they are also quite in demand.

Features of the agronomist profession

Technologies for agricultural work are constantly being improved and changed. The duties of an agronomist primarily include the proper organization of production processes, cultivation of crops, harvesting and transporting crops in these conditions. Also, people of this specialty are engaged in the preparation of various kinds of reporting and scientific documentation. Veterinarians usually have higher education. To date, the profession of an agronomist is on the list of the most demanded in Russia.

machine operator

This is one of the main specialties of such a sector of the economy as agriculture. The combine and tractor driver professions have always been one of the main ones in the countryside. A machine operator is a specialist who is able to manage all types of agricultural machinery. In addition, the duties of these workers include knowledge of the design features of the machines, as well as the implementation of their scheduled maintenance and repair.

The profession of a machine operator is considered one of the most difficult in the countryside. People of this profession often work in extremely unfavorable conditions - in heat, rain and cold. In addition, they usually have to work overtime during the planting and harvesting season. Fortunately, recently the design of tractors and combines has begun to be subject to increased requirements in terms of convenience specifically for machine operators. Cabins of new models are insulated, equipped with air conditioners and heaters. But all the same, the work of a machine operator will always remain difficult, and therefore honorable.

Machine milking operator

There are many answers to the question of which professions in agriculture are the most common. But the most famous is still the operator of machine milking. In Soviet times, many films were made about people of this specialty and a huge number of poems and songs were written. The profession of a milkmaid was then unusually honorable. Women of this specialty appeared on blue screens in the form of healthy, cheerful, ruddy girls in headscarves. However, of course, the profession of a machine milking operator is actually very difficult, and there is not so much romance in it.

Milkmaids have to get up before dawn - at five o'clock in the morning. Their duties include rubbing the udder of the cow, feeding it. But the main occupation of the representatives of this profession is, of course, milking animals. This operation is performed three times a day. Like a machine operator, the profession of a milkmaid is very important in agriculture.

breeder

It is also a very common profession in the countryside. Agricultural occupations may belong to animal husbandry or crop production. The main activity of zootechnics is, as the name suggests, the breeding and rearing of various kinds of farm animals. Workers in this specialty should provide them with the most comfortable conditions for keeping and breeding. In addition, the duties of the breeder include monitoring the health of the “wards” and maintaining the purity of the breed. Also, people of this specialty make sure that all the necessary components are present in the diet of cows, pigs, sheep, horses and goats: vitamins, minerals, proteins, etc.

Among other things, livestock breeders clean and disinfect cowsheds and pigsties, take part in preventive measures to prevent the spread of epidemics. They also monitor the procedure for grazing animals in the summer, as well as the process of preparing food for them for the winter.

poultry house

The duties of representatives of this profession are almost the same as those of a livestock breeder. The only difference is that the poultry house takes care of representatives of birds: chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys, etc. This is also one of the most common specialties in such a sector of the country's economy as agriculture. Professions related to bird care are very complex and responsible.

Veterinarian

Man began to grow and breed animals thousands of years ago. The profession of a veterinarian has existed for about the same amount of time. In ancient times, people of this specialty accompanied caravans and armies, monitoring the health of horses and camels, and in the Middle Ages, professional veterinary schools were opened. In our country, this specialty appeared on the initiative of Peter the Great. It was this emperor who once brought highly qualified veterinarians from Europe to Russia.

Today, as in the past, the main task of the agricultural worker in this profession is the treatment of animals. It is also responsible for the implementation of preventive measures. Veterinarians give birth to animals, vaccinate, sterilize or inseminate. Representatives of this profession also control the use of various kinds of chemicals in the cultivation of crops intended for feeding animals.

Currently, there is a veterinary station in almost every settlement. Even in the cities there are similar clinics. True, they treat not agricultural, but ordinary domestic animals - cats and dogs.

Beekeeper

There are different professions in agriculture. At modern enterprises of this industry, not only animals are bred and plants are grown. Beekeeping also belongs to this sphere of the national economy. The profession of a beekeeper is quite rare in our country. However, this does not mean that it is uninteresting or unclaimed. The profession is fascinating, but, like any other agricultural profession, it is quite difficult and very responsible.

The duties of the beekeeper include the formation of new colonies of bees, ensuring their wintering and collecting honey. Also, people of this profession fight diseases of insects entrusted to them, repair hives and equipment. Despite the relative rarity, the profession of a beekeeper will always exist, because many people love honey. In addition, the product is very useful.

Animal breeder

Breeding rabbits, nutrias, arctic foxes is also one of the specializations of such an industry as agriculture. Professions related to the care of such animals are also quite in demand. Fur breeders are responsible for keeping and breeding rabbits and nutria. Their duties include overseeing the conservation of livestock, the purity of the breed, procedures such as feeding, disease prevention and care.

Agroecologist

This profession appeared in agriculture not so long ago. However, today it is almost impossible to imagine crop and livestock production without it. First of all, the agroecologist controls the use of fertilizers and various chemicals in the fields when growing agricultural plants. The task of this specialist is mainly to develop recommendations for minimizing the harm from them. Also, agroecologists in agricultural enterprises deal with the restoration of depleted and eroded soils.

Where can I get an agricultural specialty

Today in our country there are many educational institutions of different levels, whose tasks include training workers in such an industry as agriculture. Professions of this orientation can be obtained in many cities of our country. Agronomists and veterinarians usually graduate from universities and technical schools. Machine operators are trained in technical schools and colleges. The same goes for milkmaids and poultry maids.

The most famous higher educational institutions where you can get the profession of agricultural workers in our country are agricultural universities:

• Orenburg.
• Kuban.
• St. Petersburg.
• Altaic.
• Voronezh, etc.

Also, highly qualified specialists are trained by the NSHA them. Timiryazev. Of course, the success of the development of such an industry as agriculture directly depends on the quality of training of young specialists. Professions (examples of them were given above) of this group require a person to have quick wits, dexterity, quick thinking, and often physical endurance. In any case, the process of training future veterinarians, agronomists, milkmaids and machine operators should be approached with all responsibility.

When I decided to get chickens, I focused on egg breeds so that I don’t kill chickens, don’t spend money on fun fights, but still have fresh eggs. E. Osipova

Of the egg breeds, traditionally the best are - leggorny and hybrids of this breed, originally bred in Italy (in Livorno), and now the most common almost all over the world. These chickens are small, up to 2 kg, and you can get 220-250 eggs from them per year. Not a record, of course, but a lot.

I was afraid to take chickens - there is no experience, young birds are fragile, tender, leaving them is a whole art. True, they cost only 50 rubles each, but still it’s somehow not for me to put living souls at risk. Stopped at 6-month-old laying hens. The price of each is -200 rubles, by the way, some exotic bantam beauties would cost one and a half thousand per head! Leghorns start laying eggs as early as 4 months old.

Number of layers, which was going to purchase, calculated in advance. It depends on the area occupied by the house under the roof and the paddock under the open sky. Of course, it would be possible not to let the chickens out at all, it would be easier and more economical to keep them. However, leghorns are temperamental and mobile, not like almost 5-kilogram meat cochinchins are real phlegmatic. In addition, eggs from chickens that have a range are much more useful than from birds that are constantly indoors.

I came from the size of the chicken coop, built last fall by my prudent husband. The area of ​​​​our wooden shed, similar to a utility block, is 2 × 1.5 m. 6 hens will fit here - at the rate of 0.5 m2 per bird.

The principles of choice are as follows. Birds should be active, with bright red crests and wattles and yellow legs (pale is a sign of old age). Feathers - clean, shiny, close to the body, not thin, but not greasy, otherwise the chicken will not lay well.
A neighbor in the dacha, who has been keeping them for a long time and has achieved considerable success, helped to choose chickens from a poultry farmer. By the way, we used his advice.

Saved on the purchase of a rooster. Fertilized eggs are live, which means that this food is not for a vegetarian.

Commandments of the chicken breeder

Don't overfeed!

Do not enter the chickens from 9.00 to 15.00.

Always praise them

In addition to the usual door to the chicken hostel, the husband also built a small one (30 × 40 cm) - only for layers. Of course, there is a feeder in the aviary.
Under the drinker We have a deep bowl. We are going to treat the birds not only with compound feed, but also with useful and tasty additives: grass, the remains of the broth with bread, millet, grain, fish, dairy products and boiled potatoes.

There is also a separate wooden trough for mineral dressing - shell rock, shells or special fodder chalk. In a word, everything is according to the advice of experts.
We hope to receive 4-5 organic eggs per day, 55-60 g each.
Indeed, in the summer, chickens rush much better. In general, a neighbor somehow received 255 pieces per year from one laying hen!

In addition, I will have my own valuable fertilizer - chicken manure. Truly wasteless creatures!

Reference

Wild ancestors of chickens produced only 10-30 eggs per year, modern ones - more than 300.
The record was set in 1930: the feathered champion carried 361 pieces in 364 days.
Japanese doctors from the University of Kyoto found that chicken egg protein is a drug that blocks the growth of human cancer cells.

Noticed that chickens love blue food (you can buy this).
The feeder should be red, not yellow. Green and orange colors soothe them, and blue is perceived by birds as pitch darkness.
Diet eggs are those that are no more than 7 days old.

Expert opinion

Vladimir Malik, one of the authors of the collection "1000 tips for amateur breeders"
If the summer resident wants to achieve the maximum number of eggs from chickens, you need to choose the most productive laying hens and feed them with high-quality food. These birds eat a little more. For the formation of 12 pieces, 1.6-1.7 kg of a full-fledged balanced feed is spent.
Today, the French breed of chickens is very popular in the world. isobraun, from which you can get 300-320 eggs per year.

Egg hens are usually kept for a maximum of 2 seasons. Longer is unprofitable. They run less and less. Modern summer residents, leaving home, slaughter their birds in the fall, as they have nowhere to put them.

A little arithmetic

Balanced feed for layers, they are prepared according to a special program developed by scientists. The ingredients are mixed automatically and under the control of the operator.
Knowing the composition of the recipe, you can cook food yourself. For young laying hens (not chickens!) The diet includes: wheat, barley, wheat bran, fish meal, phosphate, fodder chalk, reverse, sunflower and soybean cake, table salt.

Whether it is necessary to mess around, making up a nutrient mixture, everyone decides for himself.
Complete food (PC-1) costs 490 rubles. per bag (40 kg). It can be bought in the market or ordered online in bulk. Then you will pay 11,750 rubles per ton. and the price for 40 kg will be 20 rubles. below.

For 6 layers one bag is enough for 38 days (one bird eats 180 g per day). A little more than 2 rubles will be spent on chicken feed, even at expensive prices. per day, and she will lay one full-fledged egg. The benefit is obvious. E. Osipova

Feeder for chickens