War comes unexpectedly. Her cruelty and injustice break human destinies. Even today, 70 years after the end of the Great Patriotic War, the planet celebrates the triumph of the world, which is a symbol of the indomitable will of the spirit of the people for freedom.

Road to peace

The final stage of the war against fascism - this is the story of the holiday would not have taken place without the courage of our brave soldiers. It took the troops of the Soviet Union four long years to expel the invaders from their native land.

In April 1945, the Red Army was stationed outside the walls of Berlin. May 1, during offensive operation in the Reichstag area, at about 3:00 am, the building soared over the roof. Although it is worth noting here that the information was released hastily. After all, on April 30, it was announced on the radio that the assault flag was hoisted over the parliament building.

Complex military operations, thousands of victims - and Great War ended. The act of surrender of enemy Germany was signed on May 9. Victory Day, the history of the holiday is counted from this date, was greeted with tears of bitterness and happiness all over the world. Hitler's troops officially surrendered on the 8th. But due to the time difference, peace in the Union came at 1:00 am.

On the same day, a document was brought to Moscow, which testified to the fall of the Nazis.

First parade

Later, on June 22, 1945, Joseph Vissarionovich issued an order. It said that in connection with the fall of Germany, Moscow will hold a solemn procession in which it will glorify its heroes. The head of state had an idea at the beginning of May, before the decisive act.

The first military review, which was named, took place in June, although May 9 is Victory Day. The history of the holiday began on the 24th. The weather that day was terrible, it was pouring rain.

The procession was led by Suvorov drummers. Then came the combined regiments of the fronts. They were soldiers of different nationalities and ranks. Each of them showed courage and extreme devotion to their homeland in battle. In total, more than 40,000 military personnel participated. The uniform for all participants was sewn by special order.

The political elite, among them the head of the country, watched the action from the rostrum of the Mausoleum.

It was this system that later became the basis for the history of the May 9 holiday. Victory Day 1945 was hosted by the Hero and Marshal of the Soviet Union G. Zhukov.

The commanders rode across the square on snow-white thoroughbred horses. Researchers are sure that the only reason why Stalin did not take part in the parade was that he was a bad rider.

Long-awaited victory

Stalin knew well about the success of his troops under the walls of Berlin. The city has already surrendered. Only individual groups of soldiers actively resisted. Realizing that the Nazis had nowhere to go and surrender was inevitable, even on the eve, on the 8th, he signed a decree stating that from now on May 9 is Victory Day. The history of the holiday began with the morning newspapers, which reported good news. Radio played an important role in the life of Soviet people. So, at 6 in the morning, Yuri Levitan announced the victory. This man's voice announced all changes on the front line throughout the war.

People spread the good news from house to house. Passers-by on the streets hugged, congratulated each other, cried.

In the afternoon, several anti-aircraft divisions were assembled under the walls of the Kremlin. Searchlights were brought to illuminate the portraits of the leaders. In the evening, the Victory Salute struck over the capital. Nobody worked that day.

Immutable symbol

Until 1948, Soviet citizens rested on May 9. Further, all forces were thrown into the restoration of the bombed country. The date was forgotten for a while. Only with the initiative of L. Brezhnev, the history of the May 9 holiday continued. Victory Day was a special date for children. The mass actions that were carried out formed love for the homeland, respect for those who defended it.

Over the years, the holiday has acquired traditions. Particularly large parades were held on anniversaries. So, in 1965, the Banner was handed out for the first time. It is worth noting that it did not participate in the 1945 demonstration. Interestingly, the flag was specially delivered to Moscow on June 20 for the parade. But due to the lack of time for preparation, Zhukov gave the order not to carry the banner.

It remained an irreplaceable attribute and symbolized May 9, Victory Day. The history of the holiday briefly tells about the attitude of the next generations to the Great Patriotic War... Until now, parades are full of red flags.

Thanks promotion

The unchanging, traditional colors of the holiday are orange and black. This story begins on November 26, 1769. It was then that Empress Catherine II established It was a medal for courage on the battlefield. The Union took over the award with some changes.

Since 1942, daredevils have been awarded the "Guards Ribbon". Its orange-dark scale is already a tradition for May 9, Victory Day. The history of the holiday is forever connected with these flowers. The paints symbolize smoke and flames. Such shades were also used in the ribbon of the Order of Glory.

Traditions are not forgotten even now. In 2005, an action was held in Russia. The St. George ribbon has become a symbol of gratitude for peace and respect for veterans. Everyone who held it in their hands on the eve of a holiday or during a parade testified - he remembers the Great Victory.

A celebration of heart and freedom

The solemn procession, ribbons, songs by Lev Leshchenko - all these are integral attributes of May 9th. The older generation understands the essence of the holiday. But, unfortunately, young people often do not even realize who fought with whom. The pretentious processions are gradually losing popularity.

Fewer teenagers know that the story of the holiday for preschoolers should first of all be conveyed by their parents and teachers. Don't change the rituals. At least once a year, put flowers with your children. We need to teach young people to respect the past of their people.

Dedicate Victory Day to the direct defenders of the Fatherland. Put traditional tulips and daffodils at the foot of the monuments, thank the old veterans who are still alive, pray for peace.

We will help you with this. We will tell the story of the Victory Day holiday in an accessible way, we will bring to your attention poems dedicated to Victory Day.

Victory Day - May 9

Victory Day is a holiday

The day of the defeat of a brutal war

Day of defeat of violence and evil,

Day of resurrection of love and kindness.

VICTORY LIGHT DAY

Sasha took out his toy gun and asked Alyonka: "Is I a good military man?" Alyonka smiled and asked: "Will you go to the Victory Day parade in this form?" Sasha shrugged his shoulders, and then replied: "No, I will go to the parade with flowers - I will give them to real warriors!" Grandfather heard these words and stroked Sasha's head: "Well done, granddaughter!" And then he sat down next to me and began to talk about the war and victory.

On May 9 we celebrate Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War. Grandfathers and great-grandfathers, grandmothers and great-grandmothers put on orders, go to a meeting with their veteran friends. Together they remember what the war years were like.

The second World War started in 1939. It covered more than 60 countries of the world! She came to our country on the terrible morning of June 22, 1941. It was Sunday, people were resting, planning their day off. Suddenly the news struck like a thunder: “The war has begun! Fascist Germany, without declaring war, launched an offensive ... ”All adult men put on military uniforms and went to the front. Those who remained joined the partisans to fight the enemy in the rear.

During the long war years, people could not live in peace. Every day brought loss, real grief. More than 60 million people have not returned home. Half of those killed are residents of the former Soviet Union. Almost every family has lost a grandfather, father, brother or sister ...

The Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian and other peoples of the USSR paid a dear price for their participation in this terrible war. The war did not spare either the elderly or the children.

The attackers mocked the inhabitants of the captured cities and villages. Our warriors fought bravely against the invaders. They could not forgive the burnt houses, destroyed monuments of national culture. And it hurt them even more for their dead relatives and friends. The soldiers were not afraid of hunger or cold. Perhaps they were scared too. But the dream of victory, a peaceful life constantly supported them.

It was 1945. Great Patriotic War against fascist invaders was approaching a victorious end. Our fighters fought as best they could. In the spring, our army approached the capital of Nazi Germany - the city of Berlin.

The battle for Berlin lasted until May 2. Particularly desperate was the storming of the Reichstag, where the leaders of Germany had gathered. On May 8, 1945, representatives of the German High Command signed an end to the war. The enemy surrendered. May 9 became Victory Day, a great holiday for all mankind.

Now, on this day, festive fireworks are sure to bloom with millions of flowers. They congratulate the veterans, sing songs for them, recite poetry. Flowers are being brought to the monuments to the victims. We always remember that peace on earth is the most important value.

Poems for Victory Day for children

Let there be peace

Let the machine guns not scribble

And the terrible guns are silent,

Let the smoke not swirl in the sky

Let the sky be blue

Let the bombers on it

Do not fly to anyone

People, cities do not die ...

Peace on earth is always needed!

Together with grandfather

The morning fog has melted

Spring flaunts ...

Today grandfather Ivan

I cleaned up the orders.

We go to the park together

Meet

A soldier, gray-haired like him.

They will remember there

Your brave battalion.

They will talk heart to heart

About all the affairs of the country,

About wounds that still hurt

From the distant days of the war.

Even then we were not in the world

When fireworks thundered from end to end.

Soldiers, you gave the planet

Great May, victorious May!

Even then we were not in the world,

When there is a fire storm in a military storm,

Deciding fate for future centuries,

You fought a sacred battle!

Even then we were not in the world,

When you came home with Victory.

May soldiers, glory to you forever

From the whole earth, from the whole earth!

Thank you soldiers

For life, for childhood and spring,

For silence, for a peaceful home,

For the world in which we live!

Remember

(Excerpt)

Remember how the thundering of the guns thundered,

How the soldiers died in the fire

In the forty-first, forty-fifth -

Soldiers for the truth went to battle.

Remember, in our power and thunderstorms and wind,

We are responsible for happiness and tears,

On the planet, our children -

A generation of young people lives.

The soldiers

The sun hid behind the mountain

The river rifts are fogged up,

And on the way to the steppe

From the heat, from the evil heat

The gymnastics on the shoulders played;

Your battle banner

The soldiers shielded them from the enemies with their hearts.

They did not spare life,

Defending the fatherland - the native country;

Defeated, defeated

All enemies in the battles for the Holy Motherland.

The sun hid behind the mountain

The river rifts are fogged up,

And on the way to the steppe

Soviet soldiers went home from the war.

Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 is celebrated not only in Russia, but also in the former Soviet republics and many European countries.

2014 marks 69 years since Soviet army defeated Germany in this long and bloody war.

Victory Day - the history of the holiday

The final stage of the war was the Berlin operation, in which more than two and a half million Soviet soldiers took part, seven and a half thousand aircraft, more than six thousand tanks and self-propelled guns were involved. It is difficult to imagine what sacrifices this victory cost our country. According to some reports, during the operation, the Red Army lost more than fifteen thousand soldiers daily. In carrying out their duty, a total of 352 thousand people died during the Berlin operation.

Tanks were brought into the city, but there were so many of them that wide maneuvers were impossible - this made Soviet equipment vulnerable to German anti-tank weapons. Tanks became convenient targets. In two weeks of the operation, a third of the tanks and self-propelled guns (almost two thousand pieces of equipment), more than two thousand mortars and guns were lost. Nevertheless, the Berlin operation brought victory to the Red Army. Soviet troops defeated seventy enemy infantry, twelve tank and eleven motorized divisions. About four hundred and eighty thousand opponents were captured.

So, on the evening of May 8, the act of Germany's unconditional surrender was signed. This happened at 22:43 CET and at 00:43 Moscow time. From 1:00 Moscow time, the act came into force. Therefore, in European countries, Victory Day is celebrated on May 8, and in Russia - on the 9th. Interestingly, although the act of surrender was adopted, the Soviet Union continued to officially remain in a state of war with Germany until 1955, when the corresponding decision was made by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

On May 9, an airplane landed at the Frunze Central Airfield in Moscow, which brought the act of Germany's surrender to the capital. The Victory Parade took place on Red Square on June 24. The parade was hosted by Marshal Georgy Zhukov, and the parade was commanded by Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky. The combined regiments of the fronts marched through the square in a solemn march. Commanders of armies and fronts marched ahead, Heroes of the Soviet Union carried banners.

In 1945, Stalin signed a decree making May 9 a public holiday and a day off. However, already in 1948, Victory Day became a working day. Parades and celebrations resumed again only in 1965. At this time, the holiday on May 9 finally became a day off again.

Victory Day - holiday traditions

The first Victory Day was celebrated as never before in history. On the streets, people hugged and kissed each other. Many were crying. On the evening of May 9, the Victory salute was given in Moscow, the largest in the history of the USSR: thirty salvoes from a thousand guns. Since then, Victory Day has been and remains one of the most important and revered holidays in Russia and the CIS.

By tradition, on this day, volunteers distribute St. George ribbons on the streets - a symbol of the holiday. They are tied by veterans and young people - as a token of the memory of the war and the connection between generations. Victory Day, as a rule, begins with a parade and the laying of flowers and centuries at the monuments of the Great Patriotic War. On this day, veterans are honored, festive concerts are organized for them, and gifts are given to them. In educational institutions, lessons on courage are taught, and the war and its heroes are remembered.

On May 9, our country celebrates the day of the victory of the USSR over Nazi Germany in the Great Patriotic War, which lasted four long years from June 1941 to May 1945.

On May 9, 1945 at 0:43 Moscow time, an act of unconditional surrender of Germany was signed in the French city of Reims.

This is how the worst war in the history of our country ended. For that day to come, blood shed for four years, soldiers died on the front line, and their mothers, wives and children, forgetting about hunger and fatigue, worked in the rear, supplying the front with weapons and bread.

Victory in this long and brutal war was given to our country at the cost of huge losses and daily feat of all - and very young boys who fled to the front, and young girls-nurses who carried the wounded from the shelling, and women exhausted by endless shifts in factories and collective farms margins, malnutrition and the constant expectation of letters from the front. They won the world for us, and in gratitude for this we must always remember that war and try to learn the whole truth about it, no matter how bitter and cruel it may be, because lies and oblivion are more terrible than death. Of all the official holidays, May 9 remains the warmest and most unofficial in our country. On this day, everyone in their own way tries to express their personal gratitude to the few surviving veterans: someone gives carnations to unfamiliar gray-haired people with orders on their chests, someone presents them with homemade cards and gifts, someone just comes up and thanks. And recently appeared good tradition to tie St. George's ribbons on clothes, bags and even cars as a symbol of memory and deep respect for all those who fell and survived in that terrible and now so distant war. May 9 is one of the few Soviet holidays still celebrated in many countries of the former Soviet Union.

You can also read children poems and play mind games

Mind games. Column checkers

Number of players: two.

You will need: chess board and checkers.

If you are tired of playing ordinary checkers and giveaways, you can master their rather funny variety -

Russian post checkers! This is not at all difficult to do, given that they play columnar checkers according to the usual checkers rules with some additions. All checkers remain on the field until the very end of the game.

1. The defeated opponent's checker is not removed from the board, but is taken under the striking checker.

2. When a tower made of checkers is under attack, only the top checker is removed from it, and the checker under it comes into play

according to its color.

3. Beating several opponent's checkers, you do not remove them from the field, but in order take one after the other under the striking piece and on the final field you make a pillar or tower from them.

4. Such towers move entirely and move according to the rules of their top checker, like the most common checker or king.

5. A tower, like a single checker, can go into kings, but in this case only the top checker becomes a king.

It turns out that during the game you can free your checkers, captured by the opponent in the towers, and the captured and then freed king retains its “lady” status. The best pillar checkers strategists act like this: capture as many opponent's checkers as possible under their checkers and at the same time. take the towers with a large number of captured checkers deep into their position. At the same time, they try to attack the opponent with the heaviest towers, trying to exchange the weakest of his towers in order to free their prisoners.

On May 9, Russia celebrates a national holiday - Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, in which the Soviet people fought for the freedom and independence of their homeland against Nazi Germany and its allies. The Great Patriotic War was the most important and decisive part of the Second World War 1939-1945.

The Great Patriotic War began at dawn on June 22, 1941, when Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union. On her side were Romania, Italy, and a few days later Hungary, Slovakia and Finland.

(Military encyclopedia. Chairman of the Main Editorial Commission SB Ivanov. Military Publishing House. Moscow. In 8 volumes -2004. ISBN 5 - 203 01875 - 8)

The war lasted almost four years and became the largest armed conflict in the history of mankind. On a huge front stretching from the Barents to the Black Seas, from 8 to 12.8 million people fought on both sides in different periods, from 5.7 to 20 thousand tanks and assault guns were used, from 84 to 163 thousand guns and mortars, from 6.5 to 18.8 thousand aircraft. Such a huge scale of hostilities and the concentration of such a large mass military equipment the history of wars did not yet know.

The act of unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany was signed in the suburbs of Berlin on May 8 at 22:43 CET (Moscow time on May 9 at 12:43). It is because of this time difference that the Day of the end of World War II is celebrated in Europe on May 8, and in the Soviet Union on May 9.

And only in 1965, in the year of the twentieth anniversary of the victory Soviet troops, by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council, May 9 was again declared a non-working day. The holiday was given an exclusively solemn status, and a special jubilee medal was instituted. On May 9, 1965, a military parade was held on Red Square in Moscow, and the Victory Banner was carried in front of the troops.

Since then, Victory Day has always been celebrated in the USSR very solemnly, and the holding of military parades on May 9 has become a tradition. Streets and squares were decorated with flags and banners. At 7 o'clock in the evening, a minute of silence was announced in memory of the victims. Mass meetings of veterans in the center of Moscow have become traditional.

On May 9, 1991, the last parade of the Soviet era took place, and until 1995 there were no parades. In 1995, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Victory, a military parade was held in Moscow along Kutuzovsky Prospekt near Poklonnaya mountain... Samples of military equipment were demonstrated there, and columns of veterans marched across Red Square.

Since 1996, the tradition of holding military parades on the main square of the country has been enshrined in the law "On the perpetuation of the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." According to him, parades should be held not only in Moscow, but also in hero cities, and in cities where the headquarters of military districts and fleets are stationed. The participation of military equipment is not enshrined in the law.

Since that time, parades have been held annually. On the Victory Day, meetings of veterans, celebrations and concerts are held. Wreaths and flowers are laid at the monuments of military glory, memorials, mass graves, and guards of honor are set up. Memorial services are held in churches and temples in Russia.

Every year on this day in the hero cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd, Novorossiysk, Tula, Smolensk and Murmansk, as well as in the cities of Kaliningrad, Rostov-on-Don, Samara, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Chita, Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Severomorsk and Festive artillery fireworks are being made in Sevastopol. The first salute on the occasion of Victory Day was fired in Moscow on May 9, 1945 with 30 volleys from a thousand guns.

Since 2005, the patriotic action "St. George's Ribbon" has been held with the aim of returning and instilling the value of the holiday in the younger generation. On the eve of the Victory Day celebrations, everyone can tie the "St. George's Ribbon" on his hand, bag or car antenna as a token of memory of the heroic past of the USSR, as a symbol of military valor, Victory, military glory and recognition of the merits of the front-line soldiers.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources