Who wrote the Nevsky Prospect. N.V. Gogol "Nevsky Prospect": analysis of the work. Piskarev's fatal adventure
The story was completed in October 1834. The censorship was dated November 10, 1834. Before submitting to the censorship, the manuscript of the N.N. at the request of Gogol, who feared the censors' nagging, was reviewed by A.S. “I read it with great pleasure; it seems everything can be missed. It is a pity to release the section: it seems to me that it is necessary for the full effect of the evening mazurka. Perhaps God will endure. With God!" Subsequently, in 1836, A.S. Pushkin called N. the "most complete" of Gogol's works. N. p. Opened a cycle of St. Petersburg stories in the third volume of Gogol's Works, published in 1842.
In the N. n., In a concise form, there are plots of other stories of this cycle. Thus, the intention of a drunken German tinsmith Schiller to cut off his own nose anticipates the story of Major Kovalev from the novel The Nose: “Schiller sat with his rather thick nose sticking out and his head up; and Hoffmann held his nose with two fingers and twisted the blade of his shoemaker's knife on its very surface ...
I don't want, I don't need a nose! he said, waving his arms. - I have three pounds of tobacco per month on one nose ... Twenty rubles and forty kopecks for one tobacco. This is robbery! ... Twenty rubles and forty kopecks! I am a Swabian German; I have a king in Germany. I don't want a nose! cut my nose! here is my nose!
And if it were not for the sudden appearance of Lieutenant Pirogov, then, without any doubt, Hoffmann would have cut off Schiller's nose for nothing, because he had already brought his knife into such a position as he would like to cut the sole. "
Initially, the scene of Lieutenant Pirogov's punishment was depicted in more detail, and it was definitely said that the hero was carved: “If Pirogov were in full form, then, probably, reverence for his rank and rank would have stopped the violent Teutons. But he arrived completely as a private, private person, in a frock coat and without epaulets. The Germans tore off all his dresses with the greatest fury. Hoffmann sat down with all his weight on his feet, Kunz grabbed him by the head, and Schiller grabbed in his hand a bunch of rods that served as a broom. I must admit with sorrow that Lieutenant Pirogov was very painfully carved. " Pushkin's optimism that the censorship would skip the "section" unchanged was not justified. At the request of the censors, this scene had to be softened, but the text contains clear hints that the lieutenant was flogged with rods.
At the insistence of the censorship, it was necessary to exclude another colorful episode of Piskarev's meeting in a brothel with an officer familiar to the beauty (obviously, the censors were fighting for the honor of the officer's uniform): “'God! help me to bear it! “- Piskarev said in a desperate voice and was about to gather all the thunder of a strong, from the very soul of eloquence poured out in order to shake the emotionless, frozen soul of the beauty, when suddenly the door opened and one officer entered with a noise. “Hello, Lipushka,” he said, striking the beauty on the shoulder without ceremony. “Don't bother us,” said the beauty, assuming a stupidly serious look. "I am getting married and now I have to accept the proposed matchmaking." Oh, this is no longer the strength to endure! he rushed out, losing his feelings and thoughts. "
In a letter to his mother dated April 30, 1829, Gogol conveyed his impressions of Nevsky Prospekt, which became the main space of the story, organizing its plot, as follows: “There are many festivities in St. Petersburg. In the winter, all the loiters stroll about from twelve to two hours (at this time the employees are busy) along Nevsky Prospect. " In the same letter, Gogol shares his impressions of the capital: “St. Petersburg is not at all like other European capitals or Moscow (Gogol had never been to other European capitals, as well as to the first capital, by that time. - B.S. ). Each capital is generally characterized by its own people, which stamp on it the stamp of nationality, but in St. Petersburg there is no character: the foreigners who settled here settled down and did not at all look like foreigners, and the Russians, in turn, became aggravated and became neither one nor the other. The silence in him is extraordinary, no spirit glitters among the people, all employees and officials, everyone talks about their departments and colleges, everything is suppressed, everything is mired in idle, insignificant labors, in which their lives are fruitlessly wasted. It is very funny to meet them on avenues, sidewalks; they are so preoccupied with thoughts that when you catch up with one of them, you hear him scolding and talking to himself, while others spice them up with body movements and swinging hands. Petersburg is a rather large city; if you want to walk through its streets, squares and islands in different directions, then you will probably walk more than 100 miles and, despite its such vastness, you can have everything you need at hand without going far, even in the same house. The houses here are large, especially in the main parts of the city, but not high, for the most part three and four floors, rarely very five, only four or five in six throughout the capital, many houses have a lot of signs. The house in which I find myself contains 2 tailors, one marechand de mod, a shoemaker, a hosiery glueing broken dishes, a degater and a dyer, a pastry shop, a convenience store, a winter dress store, a tobacco shop, and finally a privileged midwife grandmother. Naturally, this house should be covered with golden signs ”.
In another letter to his mother, dated July 24, 1829, Gogol described a meeting with a prostitute on Nevsky, which was reflected in the article "Woman" and gave one of the plot moves to N.P .: "Everywhere I met only failures, and what is strangest there where they could not be expected at all. People who were completely incapable, without any protection, easily received what I could not achieve with the help of my patrons; Was it not an obvious providence of God over me here? Didn't he clearly punish me with all these failures in his intention to turn me on the right path? Well? I persisted even here, waiting for months to see if I would get anything. Finally ... what a terrible punishment! There was nothing more poisonous and cruel than him for me in the world. I cannot, I cannot write ... Mommy! Dearest Mom! I know you are one true friend to me. But believe me, even now, when my thoughts are no longer occupied with that, and now, at the reminder, an inexpressible melancholy cuts into my heart. To you alone, I can only say (further crossed out: I will only say this, being sure that (one word is illegible). - B.S.) ... You know that I was gifted with firmness, even rare in a young man ... Who would have expected from me such weakness. But I saw her ... no, I won't name her ... she is too tall for anyone, not just me. I would call her an angel, but this expression is low and inappropriate for her. An angel is a being that has neither virtues nor vices, has no character, because it is not a man, and lives with thoughts in the same heaven. But no, I am chatting nonsense and cannot express it. This is a deity, but clothed slightly in human passions. A face whose striking radiance is imprinted in the heart in an instant; eyes that quickly pierce the soul. But their radiance, burning, passing through everything, can not be borne by any of the people ... Oh, if you looked at me then ... it is true, I knew how to hide myself from everyone, but did I hide from myself? A hellish melancholy with possible torment seethed in my chest. What a cruel (crossed out: murderous. BS) state! It seems to me that if hell is prepared for sinners, then it is not so painful. No, it was not love ... I at least have not heard such love ... In a fit of rage and terrible mental anguish, I thirsted, seethed to revel in one glance, I craved only one glance ... To look at her again - that was the only desire, growing stronger and stronger with the inexpressible acridity of anguish. With horror I looked around and saw my terrible state, everything was completely alien to me then, life and death were equally unbearable, and the soul could not give an account of its manifestations. I saw that I needed to run away from myself if I wanted to save my life, to put at least a shadow of peace in my tormented soul. In affection (crossed out: in reverence. - BS) I recognized the invisible right hand that cares about me, and blessed the path so wonderfully appointed to me. No, this creature he sent to rob me of my peace, to upset my shaky-created world, was not a woman. If she were a woman, with all the power of her charms, she would not have been able to produce such terrible, inexpressible impressions. It was a deity created by him, a part of himself! But, for God's sake, don't ask her name. It is too high, too high. " It can be assumed that the failure on the love front, as a consequence of the early manifested impotence, strengthened the writer that his mission lies outside ordinary love and family life, that God himself led him to a different path of spiritual achievement through literature, and women can only lead him away from the chosen path.
The painting reflects Gogol's impressions of his acquaintance with the artists A. G. Venetsianov, A. N. Mokritsky, K. P. Bryullov, and others, as well as his own experience in painting. In 1830-1833. the writer attended classes of the Academy of Arts as a volunteer. On June 3, 1830, in a letter to his mother, he described his painting lessons: “... After lunch, at 5 o'clock, I go to class, to the Academy of Arts, where I am engaged in painting, which I am in no way able to leave, - the more that there is all the means of improvement are in it, and all of them require nothing but work and effort. By my acquaintance with artists and with many even famous, I have the opportunity to use the means and benefits that are inaccessible to many. Apart from their talent, I cannot help but admire their character and manner; what kind of people are they! Having recognized them, one cannot get rid of them forever, what modesty with the greatest talent! There is no mention of the ranks, although some of them are state and even real advisers. In the class I attend three times a week, I sit for two hours; at seven o'clock I come home ... "
V.G.Belinsky, in his article "On the Russian Story and the Stories of Mr. Gogol" (1835), enthusiastically commented on N. n. He stressed that Gogol "here expanded his stage of action and, without leaving his beloved, his beautiful Little Russia, went look for poetry in the mores of the middle class in Russia. And, my God, what a deep and powerful poetry he found here! We, Muscovites, did not even suspect her! .. "Nevsky Prospect" is a creation as profound as it is charming; these are two polar sides of one and the same life, it is high and funny side by side. On one side of this picture, a poor artist, careless and simple-minded like a child, notices a woman-angel on Nevsky Prospekt, one of those marvelous creatures that only his artistic imagination could produce; he watches her, he trembles, he does not dare to breathe, for he does not yet know her, but already adores her, and all adoration is timid and trembling; he notices her supportive smile ... Choking with rapture and anxious foreboding of bliss, he follows her into the third floor big house , and what does he imagine? .. She is still beautiful, charming, she looks at him stupidly, impudently, as if saying to him: “Well! what are you? .. “He rushes out. I do not want to retell his dream, this marvelous, precious pearl of our poetry, the second and only one after Tatyana Pushkin's dream: here Mr. Gogol is a poet to the highest degree. Whoever reads this story for the first time, for that in this wondrous dream, reality and poetry, the real and the fantastic, merge so closely that the reader is amazed to learn that all this is only a dream. Imagine a poor, ragged, filthy artist, lost in a crowd of stars, crosses and all kinds of advisers: he jostles between them, destroying him with their brilliance, he strives for her, and they constantly separate him from her, they, these crosses and stars, who look at everything without any ecstasy, without any trepidation, as at their golden snuff boxes ... And what an awakening after this dream! and how can you live after such awakening? And he, as if, no longer lives in reality, he is all in dreams ... Finally, a deceptive but iridescent ray of hope flashed in his soul: he decides on selflessness, he wants to sacrifice even his honor to her, like Moloch ... “And I just now woke up, they brought me at seven o'clock in the morning, I was completely drunk, "she says to him, still beautiful, charming ... After that, was it possible to live even in dreams? .. And there is no artist, he went into a dark grave, not mourned by anyone, and the world did not know what a high and terrible drama was played out in this sinful, suffering soul ... On the other side of this picture you see Pirogov and Schiller ... that Schiller who wanted to cut off his nose in order to get rid of from unnecessary expenses for tobacco; that Schiller who says with pride that he is a Swabian German and not a Russian pig and that he has a king in Germany; that Schiller, who “from the age of twenty, from the time that the Russian lives in fufu, measured his whole life and set himself, within 10 years, to make up a capital of 50 thousand and for whom this was already so true and irresistible, as fate, because the official would rather forget to look into the Swiss office of his boss than the German would dare to change his word “; finally, that Schiller, who “put to kiss his wife no more than two times a day and in order not to kiss her once more, never put more than one spoonful of pepper in his soup”. What more do you want? Here is the whole man, the whole story of his life! .. And Pirogov? .. Oh, about him one can write a whole book! .. You remember his red tape behind the stupid blonde with whom he makes such an excellent match, his quarrel and relationship with Schiller; remember what terrible beatings he endured from the phlegmatic Othello, remember with what indignation, what a thirst for revenge the lieutenant's heart boiled, and remember how soon his annoyance from the pies eaten in the pastry shop and the reading of the Bee passed away? ... Wonderful pies! Wonderful "Bee"! Piskarev and Pirogov - what a contrast! Both of them began on the same day, in one hour of pursuit of their beauties, and how different the consequences of these persecutions were for both of them! Oh, what a meaning is hidden in this contrast! And what an effect this contrast has! Piskarev and Pirogov, one in the grave, the other happy and happy, even after unsuccessful red tape and terrible beatings! .. Yes, gentlemen, it's boring in this world! .. "About Pirogov Belinsky wrote:" Saints! yes it is a whole caste, a whole people, a whole nation! .. You are more comprehensive than Shylock, more significant than Faust! .. This is a symbol, a mystical myth, this is, finally, a caftan, which is so wonderfully cut that it will come over the shoulders of thousands of people! "
The images of German artisans in the N.N. reflected Gogol's view of the Germans, which was reflected, in particular, in a letter to S.T.Aksakov about K. S. Aksakov dated December 22, N. Art. 1844: “Konstantin Sergeevich does not know that at this time of his life, in which he finds himself, one should not at all worry about the logical sequence of any kind of development. To do this, you need to be either an old man or even a German, who would have potato blood flowing in his veins, and not that hot and lively, like a Russian person. "
FM Dostoevsky in his “Diary of a Writer” for 1873 highly appreciated the image of Pirogov: “Lieutenant Pirogov, who was carved in Bolshaya Meshchanskaya by a mechanic Schiller forty years ago, was a terrible prophecy, a prophecy of a genius who so terribly guessed the future, immensely many, so many that one cannot cross. Remember that the lieutenant immediately after the adventure ate a puff pastry and distinguished himself that same evening in a mazurka at the name day of a prominent official. What do you think: when he chipped off the mazurka and twisted his so recently offended members, while doing a pas, did he think that he had been whipped for only two hours? No doubt I thought. Was he ashamed? No doubt not. "
The image of Schiller reflected the negative attitude of Gogol towards Germany and the Germans, taken from his first trip to Germany in 1829 on May 30 AD. Art. In 1839 he wrote from Rome to MP Balabina: “You will not believe how sad it is to leave Rome and my clear, my clear skies, my beauty, my beloved land. Again I will see this vile Germany, disgusting, soiled and smoked with tobacco ... But I forgot that you love her so much, and almost said a few more decent epithets for her. However, I do not understand your passion at all. Or maybe for this you need to live in St. Petersburg to feel that Germany is good? And how not ashamed of you! You, who so admired Shakespeare in your letter, this deep, clear, reflecting in yourself, as in a faithful mirror, the whole vast world and everything that constitutes a person, and you, reading him, can at the same time think about German smoky confusion! And can we say that every German is Schiller ?! I agree that he is Schiller, but only that Schiller that you can learn about if you ever have the patience to read my story "Nevsky Prospect". For me, Germany is nothing more than the most disgraceful belch of the nastiest tobacco and the nastiest beer. Sorry for the little nuisance of this expression. What is to be done if the object itself is untidy, despite the fact that the Germans have long been famous for neatness? "
The death of Piskarev comes from the fact that high art does not withstand a collision with the vulgar prose of life. V.V. Zenkovsky in his History of Russian Philosophy conveys the content of the N.P .: “... Gogol talks about an artist in whose soul a deep faith in the unity of the aesthetic and moral principles reigns, but this faith is broken when he meets life. The artist meets on the street a woman of striking beauty, who turns out to be associated with a den of debauchery. Despair takes over the artist; he tries to persuade the beauty to give up her life, but she listens to his speeches with contempt and mockery. The poor artist cannot withstand this terrible discord between external beauty and internal depravity, goes mad and, in a fit of madness, commits suicide. " In fact, here Gogol predicted his own fate. His tragic death - a kind of suicide, when the writer deliberately starved himself to death, was caused by the realization of the impossibility of reconciling aesthetics and morality.
It is not excluded that the names of the heroes of the N. n. Are significant for their characteristics. “Pirogov” symbolizes satiety, and “Piskarev” means that the bearer of this surname is “ small man", Nothing in front of the mighty of this world (gudgeon is a small fish; the surname is also associated with the squeak of a child, which emphasizes the hero's naive perception of reality). It is no coincidence that delicious pies make Pirogov forget about the shameful whipping inflicted on him by Schiller. In some ways, Pirogov is the forerunner of Chichikov, who is not only as practical as this hero of N. of the item, and has the same enviable appetite, but also knows how to very quickly forget about troubles and shame, starting up a new business. By the way, at the time of Gogol, the word "gudgeon" was written through "yat", and this letter then corresponded to a special sound, the middle between "e" and "and", and in in this case in an unstressed position, this sound was pronounced as "and". The surnames Schiller and Hoffmann are given to people who are practical and alien to any poetry in contrast to the great romantics who bore the same surnames - the poet and the writer.
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| Nevsky Prospect | |
|---|---|
| Illustration by D. N. Kardovsky. 1904 year. |
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| Genre | story |
| Author | Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol |
| Original language | russian |
| Date of writing | 1833-1834 |
| Date of first publication | 1835 |
| Quotes on Wikiquote | |
"Nevsky Prospect" - the story of Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol. Included in the cycle Petersburg stories. Written in 1833-1834.
First published in the book “Arabesques. Various works of N. Gogol ", part 2, St. Petersburg, 1835. The concept of" Nevsky Prospekt "dates back to 1831, when Gogol made several unfinished sketches of the landscape of St. Petersburg.
Two sketches have survived: “A terrible hand. A story from a book entitled: Moonlight in a Broken Attic Window "and" The Lantern Was Dying ... ". Both sketches, dating back to 1831-1833, are associated with the concept of Nevsky Prospekt.
Plot [ | ]
The story begins with the words “There is nothing better than Nevsky Prospekt, at least in St. Petersburg; for him he is everything. " What follows is a description of how Nevsky Prospekt changes from early morning to late at night.
Two young men - Lieutenant Pirogov and the artist Piskarev - flock to the ladies walking along Nevsky Prospect in the evening. The artist follows the brunette, cherishing a romantic crush on her account. They reach Liteynaya and, having climbed to the upper floor of a brightly lit four-story building, find themselves in a room where there are three more women, by whose appearance Piskarev guesses with horror that he has ended up in a brothel. The heavenly appearance of his chosen one does not in any way correlate in his mind with this place, or with her stupid and vulgar conversation. Piskarev runs out into the street in despair. Arriving home, he cannot calm down for a long time, but only dozed off when a footman in rich livery knocks on the door and says that the lady he had just visited had sent a carriage for him and asked to be at her house immediately. The amazed Piskarev is brought to the ball, where, among the dancing ladies, his chosen one is the most beautiful. They speak, but she is carried away somewhere, Piskarev vainly searches for her from room to room and ... wakes up at home. It was a dream! He loses his peace, wanting to see her. Opium allows him to find a lover in his dreams. One day he imagines his workshop, he is holding a palette and she, his wife, is nearby. "Why not?" - he thinks, waking up. Piskarev finds it hard to find the house he needs, and lo and behold! - it is she who opens the door for him and sweetly informs that, despite two o'clock in the afternoon, she just woke up, because she was brought here completely drunk only at seven in the morning. Piskarev tells the seventeen-year-old beauty about the abyss of debauchery, draws pictures of a happy family life with him, but she refuses with contempt, she laughs at him. Piskarev rushes out, wanders somewhere, and when he returns home, he locks himself in a room. A week later, breaking down the door, they find him with his throat cut with a razor. They bury him at the Okhta cemetery. Pirogov is not at the funeral, since the lieutenant himself, in turn, went down in history. He, pursuing the blonde, gets into the apartment of a certain German tinsmith Schiller, who at that moment, being very drunk, asks the drunken shoemaker Hoffmann to cut off his nose with a boot knife. Lieutenant Pirogov, who prevented them from doing this, stumbled upon rudeness and retreated. But only in order to return the next morning to continue their love affair with the blonde, who turned out to be Schiller's wife. He orders the tinsmith to make spurs for himself and, taking this opportunity, continues the siege, arousing, however, jealousy in his husband. On Sunday, when Schiller is not at home, Pirogov comes to his wife, dances with her, kisses her, and just at that moment Schiller appears with Hoffmann and the carpenter Kunz. Drunken, angry artisans grab Lieutenant Pirogov by the arms and legs and do something so rude and impolite on him that the author cannot find words to describe this action. Only Gogol's draft manuscript, not passed in this place by the censorship, allows us to interrupt our guesses and find out that Pirogov has been whipped! In a rage, the lieutenant flies out of the house, promising the tinsmith whips and Siberia, at least. However, on the way, going into a pastry shop, eating a couple of pies and reading a newspaper, Pirogov cooled down, and having distinguished himself in the evening with friends in a mazurka, he calmed down altogether.
Many 19th century writers described Petersburg in their works. The fact is that this city is not quite ordinary, it was created at the whim of one person, but contrary to all the laws of nature. It took quite a bit of time to build it, it grew, as if by a beck, Petersburg for many became the embodiment of contradictory symbols of the struggle between beauty and ugliness, wealth and poverty. To show the city in all its manifestations, Gogol wrote "Nevsky Prospect". Analysis of the work shows the reincarnations of St. Petersburg.
Description of the heart of the city
It is impossible to unambiguously evaluate St. Petersburg, love and hatred for it are woven together. Many talented individuals strive to get to this city in their youth. It is here that they, full of hope, become famous publicists, artists, musicians, critics, writers, or, disillusioned with life, sink to the very bottom. People here have to endure hunger and humiliation, the city is slowly sucking everyone into a swamp of ostentatious luxury, stupidity and vulgarity, and the center of St. Petersburg, its heart, is Nevsky Prospect.
Gogol (the theme of human vices is touched upon in the work) turned the capital into a revived giant with his own character, appearance, whims and habits. During the day, thousands of people pass along the avenue, but apart from the meeting place, nothing unites them. The writer shows how the same place looks during the same day. Specific persons are absent, only details of the general external appearance are inherent.
The story of two people with opposite personalities
Using the principle of contrast, Gogol wrote "Nevsky Prospect". shows that the story tells about the fate of two completely different people: Lieutenant Pirogov and the artist Piskarev. The first is the embodiment of earthly goods: money, career, personal prosperity. The second sees his destiny in serving the beautiful, he is a man of art, far from everything real.
Gogol's story "Nevsky Prospect" tells about two characters. The lieutenant is ready to take risks, he is perfectly oriented in reality, therefore he is ready to lose everything in order to conquer the merciless Petersburg. The artist is very modest, he has a subtle sense of the world, he cannot just forget about the hopes shattered by the avenue, instantly become rude and callous.
Impact of the city on people
To show the influence of St. Petersburg on two completely opposite people, Gogol wrote "Nevsky Prospect". Analysis of the work shows that Pirogov takes a risk and loses, but for him this outcome of the case practically does not change anything. The lieutenant is seized with anger and indignation, but under the influence of the prospectus, all this passes, the cool evening calms him down, and by 9 o'clock Pirogov comes to his senses. But for the timid Piskarev, the loss does not pass just like that, for him it becomes fatal. To show the different worldview of people, Gogol wrote "Nevsky Prospect". Analysis of the work makes it clear that Piskarev's meeting with the prospectus is not in vain, it is he who causes the collapse of all the artist's hopes.
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The idea and the first sketches of "Nevsky Prospect" Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol made in 1831. In 1833-1834 he worked on the work, and already in 1835 the story was published.
Petersburg played a big role in the writer's work, because he lived in the capital for a long time.
Petersburg in "Nevsky Prospekt" is special - it is illusory and deceitful. All luxury, immersed in the glitter of lights, seemingly beautiful and exultant, in fact, turns out to be indifferent, empty, and even stupid.
The heartlessness of the city and the unattractiveness is shown on the life examples of two comrades, Pirogov and Piskarev, who are very different, both in temperament and in the nature of their activities, but ironically they are friends.
The very same Nevsky Prospect, like a cheerful masquerade mask, put on in order to hide all the ugliness of the existing order, where everything is veiled and hidden, and the cold glitter of luxury does not allow finding either truth or protection.
This work does not look comedic, although it was not without humor. Behind the outward routine of the situations described, Nikolai Vasilyevich showed social deviations from generally accepted norms, painting them in satirical colors. Grotesque has always been a strong point of the writer, and Nevsky was no exception.
main characters
Thousands of inhabitants pass along the avenue during the day. From this crowd, the author grabbed bystanders. They will be discussed in the story.
Lieutenant Pirogov was a smug and arrogant impudent person who belonged to some middle class of society, who considered himself a scientist and educated person. Nature has endowed him with unique talents. He reads poetry, blows smoke in rings, knows how to tell jokes.
Despite the officer's uniform, all the manners of the lieutenant are philistine. That passion for the graceful, and the patronage of the artist Piskarev, are due to the desire to receive your portrait from him. He is not ready for a desperate act. This is a vulgar, vulgar and cowardly type.
The officer thinks that his rank gives him every right to receive attention from women, sincerely believing that he cannot be denied anything.
The artist Piskarev is a shy, timid, subtle romantic. Despite the fearfulness, the soul of a young man is ready for open and deep feelings, those feelings that can turn into a flame from a small spark. From the same small spark, his talent, which has not yet been fully appreciated, can flare up.
As a person close to art, he looks for the Muse in a woman, admires her and worships her. Gogol compares his love for a prostitute with a pearl, first found and then irretrievably lost.
The young man is so not spoiled that even knowing who the object of his interests is, he is looking for an excuse for her. In his dreams, he seeks and finds confirmation of the girl's clean morality. But this is only a dream, and the reality is much harsher.
Gogol did not take pity on his character even before his death, leaving him all alone, showing the reader the futility of his life. The artist was unable to prove himself neither as a representative of art, nor as a moral rescuer. His works were not appreciated, he died, abandoned and forgotten by everyone.
Women in the poem
The writer told two different fates of young and pretty women, without endowing any of them with intelligence, as if emphasizing that on the Nevsky there is more female stupidity than rationality and chastity.Brunette
The sweetest creature, the charm of the romantic artist. This is a girl of seventeen years old, with an angelic white face touched by a blush, framed by agate hair, falling down in interesting curls from under a hat, with a voice like the strings of a harp. And in this sweet girl, in whom there is still so much left from childhood, there was a fallen woman.
But it is not enough for Gogol to show that the girl's charming appearance and inner content is a complete dissonance. He dripped deeper into the heart of the problem. The writer seems to give the heroine a chance for the "right" life and sends to her an artist in love, who is not easily ready to help - he wants to marry.
Here social vice is revealed in a complete immoral light. The girl does not want to change anything in her life. She is satisfied with the debauchery in which she will undoubtedly get mired.
Blonde
The light creature, fluttering in front of the lieutenant, initially seemed inaccessible, and her stupidity was a special charm. The writer notes that all her mental flaws were somehow especially attractive.
This woman is not devoid of morality, but her limitations are pathological and ridiculed by the author on every occasion.
Supporting characters
Each character in the work performs a specific mission, revealing the inhabitants of Nevsky Prospect from different sides.Schiller - this is a perfect German, as the author calls him. At the age of twenty, he clearly defined his own priorities and did not make himself any favors. The tinsmith set himself a goal - to collect fifty thousand capital in ten years, and went to his goal. At the exact time, we wake up, lunch, and booze only on Sunday, and then closed with friends in a separate room. He was true to his word.
He also had a clear order in his personal life. For example, he kissed his wife no more than twice a day, except Sunday. Yes, on Sunday I allowed myself.
But his phlegmatic nature does not make him a smear. Arrogance also manifests itself - he dares to name the price for his work, increasing it several times. Determination is also revealed - after finding Pirogov with his wife, the German did not give him the descent, despite the fact that there was an officer in front of him.
Hoffmann and Koontz are friends of the tinsmith Schiller. Despite Sunday drinking, the Germans are not idlers. Hoffmann is a shoemaker, Kunz is a joiner. These artisans live in their own diaspora, stick together, come to each other's aid.
The Germans showed themselves to be a fairly well-coordinated team, during the massacre of the lover of other people's wives, Pirogov. This does not honor them, but speaks of collective cohesion.
The smell of festivities spreads along Nevsky Prospekt. This is a place for meetings, entertainment, acquaintances. All your affairs can be forgotten, being on the avenue.
In the morning, the aroma of freshly baked bread spreads from everywhere. And the beggars expect to get yesterday's pastry at the pastry shop. The men are in a hurry to work and you can hear swear words. Boys are running, employees are in a hurry. Shopkeepers are just waking up.
At twelve o'clock, Nevsky Prospect turns into a pedagogical area. It is filled with foreign governors with their pupils. By two o'clock, the parents of these pupils appear, and officials on special assignments. Everyone has something to talk about, something to discuss. At this time, everything here is filled with decency, because everyone was preparing to enter the Nevsky: they dressed up, combed their hair, drenched themselves in perfume.
But already at three o'clock a new change - this is the time of officials in uniforms, in whose heads the eternal jerk. And at four everything is empty. Until the evening, everyone can be seen here at a glance.
Evening comes and again everything "begins to stir." Now it's tempting on Nevsky. Secretaries and secretaries go out for a walk, mostly single.
Two friends are walking here. They look at pretty women, and begin to express delight to each other. As a result, the friends went their separate ways. Pirogov almost forced the artist to follow the brunette, and he himself went after the blonde.
Piskarev's fatal adventure
With trepidation, the young man went for a sweet girl in a colorful cloak. He was in such a hurry that he knocked down people walking, and this was completely unusual for his timid nature.When the girl looked at him, the artist was almost blinded by such beauty. And although the look was angry, Piskarev found him charming. When the girl smiled, the ground simply slipped from under his feet. Now he did not go, he flew after her.
Here is a four-story house, where a stranger, putting her finger to her lips, ordering him to be quiet, carried him along. An indefinite need for love attracted the artist, and he ran after the beauty to the fourth floor.
The young man accepted the invitation without hesitation. And in the room where he ended up, there were other girls. But his stranger was beyond competition. Youth and freshness set her apart from other women.
The surroundings were not tidied up, and laughter came from the next room. And only then Piskarev realized that he was in a disgusting orphanage, but simply in a brothel. Yes, and his beauty began to speak. Nonsense flew from her lips, and it seemed to the artist that, together with the viciousness, the mind had left this sweet head. Unhappy Piskarev rushed out.
The incident struck the young man so much that he could not compare the girlish beauty with the debauchery in which he found her. For a long time he sat motionless, and already sleep began to overwhelm him, when suddenly a knock on the door made him start.
It was a footman who brought an invitation from a lady. And although the artist had doubts, he went to a reception organized in the most best traditions... Everything here was luxurious. Piskarev was confused.
But then he saw her: the best, charming, brilliant. And then he noticed that he himself had not changed. I arrived in a work coat, stained with paints, what an embarrassment.
The desire to touch a beautiful stranger makes you forget about everything in the world. An explanation took place, and the stranger confirmed her innocence to brothel... And then the artist lost sight of her, and, running from room to room, he was looking everywhere. Then Piskarev woke up - he dreamed it all.
The romantic agrees to see his beloved even in a dream, but he no longer dreams of her. Every day the artist falls asleep with the thought of seeing his stranger, but no, he is not dreaming. The man lost his peace. To restore his condition and fight insomnia, he got hold of opium.
Opium helped. The stranger began to come to the dreams of a lover. Once he dreamed that a beauty became his wife. Waking up, the guy thought. Maybe the girl was forced to become a prostitute, maybe she wants to break out of this bosom of debauchery. So I'll help her! I will accomplish a feat - I will get married.
The hero goes to the house of tolerance. She opened the door. The young prostitute does not hesitate to tell that only in the morning, completely drunk, she got home, and asks why he disappeared the last time.
The discouraged artist spent his campaigning work about how bad it was to be a night butterfly, and tried to paint a lovely life with such an ordinary hard worker like him.
The girl reacted strangely and surprisingly to the sermon. She doesn't need anything! The lover realized that her life is debauchery, emptiness and idleness. He rushed out.
The distraught artist, returning home, locked himself up and did not let anyone in. A week later they broke down the door and found an unfortunate man with a slit throat. The razor was next to me.
Only the drunken watchman cried over the dead man. Even his patron, Pirogov, did not come, busy with his own business.
The Adventure of Pirogov
Meanwhile, the lieutenant had no time to be bored. After parting with Piskarev, he went for the blonde and accompanied her until he found out the address - it was a studio apartment. The tinsmith Schiller, a well-known local tinsmith, was in charge here.The room into which the woman fluttered through the workshop was neat. There Pirogov stumbled upon the owner with his friend, the shoemaker, Hoffman. The Germans were drunk and pondering how to cut off Schiller's nose. After all, because of a large nose, a lot of tobacco is consumed, and this is expensive.
The reception was given to the lieutenant the most impartial, he was sent out. And although Pirogov was offended and left, in the morning he appeared and began to flirt with the blonde. He found a reason, and began to order spurs from Schiller. Even the inflated price and lead time did not deter him.
Although the German woman fought back, Pirogov decided not to retreat from courtship. She became even more interesting to him. He had a reason to come here - to learn how spurs are made, and he came every day. Having received his order, the lieutenant praised the spurs so much that Schiller became proud of himself and changed his anger to mercy. Now the German agreed to make a frame for the dagger.
Leaving the workshop, the lieutenant allowed himself to kiss the blonde right on the lips, and right in front of her husband. Such an act caused something akin to jealousy in the German. And Pirogov was already bragging to the officers that he was having an affair with a pretty married German woman.
One day, a silly blonde told the lieutenant that on Sundays her husband was not at home, he was meeting with friends. And next Sunday, the officer decided to take advantage of this. He came to Schiller's house.
Pirogov was very respectful and accommodating. He did not frighten the girl, he joked pleasantly and offered to dance. A great dancer, the blonde accepted such an offer with pleasure. In the dance, the lieutenant could not resist and rushed to kiss the woman. The German woman began to scream, but the man could not stop.
However, we had to stop. The blonde's husband appeared on the doorstep, along with his friends. And although all the artisans were absolutely drunk, their anger and indignation were real. Pirogov could not fight off three drunken hard workers, the Germans asked him. He was stripped and whipped.
The initially offended officer decided to complain to the general, to the main headquarters, and even to the state council, so that the German artisans would be punished. But he quickly calmed down, walking into a pastry shop on the way. He ate two pies, read the newspaper, and his anger let go of him.
And after walking along Nevsky Prospekt, visiting the ruler of the control board, dancing and distinguishing himself in the mazurka, he completely calmed down.
Analysis of the work
Events do not transfer the reader to another time, but describe the current period, that is, the twenties and thirties of the XIX century. Then there was social networks, and in a sense, the brochure is a network where you can meet anyone, learn anything, gossip.
The genius of Nikolai Vasilyevich's composition lies in the fact that he showed Nevsky Prospekt as an exhibition of people. And in this live, moving and breathing exhibition there is a place for completely different exhibits. The writer did not choose the best exhibits. On the contrary, he seemed to wander along the Nevsky, noticing everyone. And then he accidentally settled on two comrades - Piskarev and Pirogov.
The aroma of intelligence, which is revealed from the first lines of the story, is gradually mixed with the smell of ugly reality. Reality is not as illusory as the artist paints it in his romantic dreams. Fate is not favorable to him, sending falling in love to a prostitute. And all his attempts to find solutions are in vain.
It was not for nothing that Gogol chose a speaking surname for his hero - Piskarev. All the artist's calls are like a squeak. He cannot convey his feelings and good intentions to his beloved, and receiving a refusal from a beauty, he cannot at all cope with a life situation. The guy turned out to be defenseless before the current problem, and death, as a way out of the situation, looks like a theater of absurdity.
The surname of the lieutenant, Pirogov, also speaks of full concentration on the physiological side of life. The outlook, limited by desires unspiritual and immoral, is the officer's main problem.
To the theme of unrequited love, Gogol skillfully tied the theme of the loneliness of big cities. After all, if someone was near the unfortunate artist, perhaps he would have survived. But in the huge city there was no person who would lend a helping hand, at the time of the spiritual crisis of a lover. Even on the last journey, no one came to see the unfortunate one.
At the end of the story, Nikolai Vasilievich is no longer so optimistic. And if from the first line the author declared: "There is nothing better than Nevsky Prospect", at the end of the work he sadly concludes: "He lies at all times, this Nevsky Prospect."
The title of this work suggests that the main image and a kind of main participant in the events created by Gogol is Nevsky Prospect. Summary, of course, he will not be able to tell about this street so vividly that it “smells like walking”. So let's try to remember what this book is about.
Description of Nevsky Prospect
Let us turn to how N.V. Gogol "Nevsky Prospect". The summary of this work should start with a description of this street. The rich language of the writer very vividly conveys the atmosphere of St. Petersburg at that time. We still see people passing along the main street of this city. In the morning on Nevsky one can meet beggars, workers, officials. At noon, governesses with children appear there, and this avenue can be safely called "pedagogical." From two to three o'clock on the avenue you can see a real "parade of ranks". This is a real exhibition of ladies' hats, shoes, shoes, dresses, men's sideburns and mustaches. After four o'clock the avenue becomes empty and comes to life again with the onset of dusk, as Gogol writes. The story "Nevsky Prospect", the summary of which we are considering, acquaints us further with two characters.
Meeting of Pirogov and Piskarev
In the evening, two comrades meet on the avenue. This is how Gogol continues "Nevsky Prospect". A summary of the book is impossible without a description of these two characters. Pirogov is a narcissistic lieutenant, confident in his success with women. Piskarev, on the other hand, is a shy and timid artist who does not dare to hope for mutual attention from young people. On Nevsky, the lieutenant drew attention to a charming blonde, and the artist liked the brunette. Then the young people missed each other.
A beautiful stranger
It should be noted that the central work in the cycle "Petersburg Tales" by Gogol is "Nevsky Prospect". The summary of this work forces us to follow along with Piskarev a beautiful young girl. He only wanted to know where she lived - he had never dreamed of anything else. However, the smile with which the stranger turned to the young man inspired him. And what became of him when, approaching the house, the young lady motioned for him to follow her!
Disappointment
Piskarev followed the stranger, harboring the most tender and lofty feelings. A woman opened the door for them. The apartment into which they entered, Piskarev amazed: he realized that he was in the orphanage of debauchery. The shocked young man fled.
Dreams and dreams
Once at home, Piskarev fell asleep. He had a dream. It is with this episode that Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol continues "Nevsky Prospect". A summary of this story will further tell us what the young man dreamed about.
So, Piskarev saw that a footman had come for him, and, saying that he had been sent by the same lady, ordered to follow him. He was at a ball in a magnificent mansion. All the ladies were beautiful, but of course she was the brightest of all. The girl tried to say something to Piskarev, but they were constantly disturbed. He woke up. Life has lost its meaning for a young man. To sleep better, he bought opium. His existence only made sense in dreams.
Piskarev imagined that he would marry this girl, and she would leave the terrible path she had followed. Once he decided to propose to her. Going to that house, he saw her again and told her about his plan. Contempt was the answer to his words. Piskarev fled again and did not leave his room for several days. When the door was broken, they found a young man with a slit throat.
About Pirogov
Gogol continues "Nevsky Prospect" with a story about the unfortunate Piskarev's friend. The summary of this story sends us in the footsteps of the blonde and Pirogov to the house of the tinsmith Schiller, whose wife was the blonde girl. In addition to Schiller, there was also the shoemaker Hoffmann in the room. Together they put Pirogov out, but he decided not to give up and, coming the next day, began to flirt with a young woman. She threatened to complain to her husband. Pirogov ordered spurs from Schiller in order to have a reason to appear in this house again. Pirogov's impudent behavior pissed off the tinsmith. He, in agreement with his wife and friends, decided to teach him a lesson. The blonde invited him to her room, where after a while Schiller burst in with his friends and, beating the young man, kicked him out.
However, Pirogov was not annoyed for long. Having refreshed himself with pies, the lieutenant again began to enjoy life.
